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Imaging performance in advanced small pixel and low light image sensors.

机译：先进的小像素和弱光图像传感器的成像性能。

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摘要

Even though image sensor performance has improved tremendously over the years, there are two key areas where sensor performance leaves room for improvement. Firstly, small pixel performance is limited by low full well, low dynamic range and high crosstalk, which greatly impact the sensor performance. Also, low light color image sensors, which use color filter arrays, have low sensitivity due to the selective light rejection by the color filters. The quanta image sensor (QIS) concept was proposed to mitigate the full well and dynamic range issues in small pixel image sensors. In this concept, spatial and temporal oversampling is used to address the full well and dynamic range issues. The QIS concept however does not address the issue of crosstalk. In this dissertation, the high spatial and temporal oversampling of the QIS concept is leveraged to enhance small pixel performance in two ways. Firstly, the oversampling allows polarization sensitive QIS jots to be incorporated to obtain polarization information. Secondly, the oversampling in the QIS concept allows the design of alternative color filter array patterns for mitigating the impact of crosstalk on color reproduction in small pixels. Finally, the problem of performing color imaging in low light conditions is tackled with a proposed stacked pixel concept. This concept which enables color sampling without the use of absorption color filters, improves low light sensitivity. Simulations are performed to demonstrate the advantage of this proposed pixel structure over sensors employing color filter arrays such as the Bayer pattern. A color correction algorithm for improvement of color reproduction in low light is also developed and demonstrates improved performance.
机译：尽管多年来图像传感器的性能已得到极大改善，但是在两个关键领域，传感器性能仍有改进的余地。首先，小像素性能受到低全阱，低动态范围和高串扰的限制，这极大地影响了传感器性能。而且，由于滤色器的选择性光排斥，使用滤色器阵列的低光彩色图像传感器具有低灵敏度。提出了量子图像传感器（QIS）概念以减轻小像素图像传感器中的完整阱和动态范围问题。在这个概念中，空间和时间过采样用于解决完整的油井和动态范围问题。但是，QIS概念并未解决串扰问题。本文通过两种方式来利用QIS概念的高空间和时间过采样来增强小像素的性能。首先，过采样允许合并偏振敏感的QIS记号以获得偏振信息。其次，QIS概念中的过采样允许设计替代的滤色器阵列模式，以减轻串扰对小像素中颜色再现的影响。最后，提出的堆叠像素概念解决了在弱光条件下执行彩色成像的问题。此概念无需使用吸收式滤色镜就可以进行颜色采样，从而提高了低光灵敏度。进行仿真以证明所提出的像素结构优于采用彩色滤光片阵列（如拜耳图案）的传感器。还开发了用于改善弱光下的色彩再现的色彩校正算法，并展示了改进的性能。

著录项

  • 作者

    Anzagira, Leo.;

  • 作者单位

    Dartmouth College.;

  • 授予单位 Dartmouth College.;
  • 学科 Electrical engineering.;Computer science.;Optics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 213 p.
  • 总页数 213
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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