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首页> 外文学位 >Dynamic interactions between pasture production, milk yields and economic viability of Australian dairy farms.
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Dynamic interactions between pasture production, milk yields and economic viability of Australian dairy farms.

机译：牧场生产，牛奶产量和澳大利亚奶牛场的经济可行性之间的动态相互作用。

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摘要

The Australian dairy industry is currently under review by both state and federal governments with the proposed aim of reducing government intervention at all levels of fluid milk supply. With this proposed deregulation comes the potential loss of price premiums that some producers have enjoyed as part of various marketing and supply programs. The removal of the price premium causes some producers to believe that they will not be able to remain in the industry due to costs of production exceeding returns. In this study an examination of whether producers can remain in the dairy industry after deregulation, by adopting low-input dairying as a production method, is made.;A study of mathematical lactation functions was undertaken to determine an appropriate function for inclusion in a model of an Australian dairy farm system. Of the four functions tested the simplest function, the incomplete gamma, performed better statistically and predicted the data more accurately than the other functions. This study also demonstrated that the lactation curves of Australian dairy cows are much different to those of cows from the Northern Hemisphere.;A novel milk production function is also developed. This milk production function summarizes all the biological processes of the dairy system, and shows that milk production is the difference in energy supplied and energy demanded for non-lactation purposes weighted by the energy content of the milk produced. This production function is incorporated into a discrete-time optimal control model of the dairy system, which is used to analyze the management and economic implications of low-input dairying.;The results of the management analysis indicate that low-input dairy production is a viable method of production. However, the system is sensitive to changes in the productivity of both cows and pastures. The responsiveness of the system to changes in the productivity of the biological components is constrained by von Leibig's Law of the Minimum.;An examination of policy alternatives suggests that low-input dairying is an economically viable providing the price of milk received by producers is above the current manufacturing milk price. The results also show that low-input dairying is more profitable as the farmer introduces flexibility into the feed management strategy of the dairy. This flexibility comes about as the biological constraints are less restrictive when the farmer undertakes hay making and supplementary feeding.
机译：目前，州和联邦政府都在审查澳大利亚的乳业，其拟议目标是减少政府在所有流动奶供应水平上的干预。拟议中的放松管制带来了一些生产者作为各种营销和供应计划的一部分而享有的价格溢价的潜在损失。价格溢价的消除使一些生产者认为，由于生产成本超过回报，他们将不能继续留在工业中。在这项研究中，通过采用低投入的乳制品生产方法，研究了生产者在放松管制之后是否仍可以保留在乳制品行业中。进行了数学泌乳功能研究，以确定适合纳入模型的功能澳大利亚奶牛场系统。在所测试的四个功能中，最简单的功能（不完全伽马）在统计上表现更好，并且比其他功能更准确地预测了数据。这项研究还表明，澳大利亚奶牛的泌乳曲线与北半球的泌乳曲线有很大不同。该乳汁生产功能总结了乳汁系统的所有生物过程，并表明，乳汁生产是非哺乳目的所供应的能量和所需能量之间的差，由所生产的乳汁的能量含量加权。该生产函数被合并到乳制品系统的离散时间最优控制模型中，该模型用于分析低投入乳制品的管理和经济意义。可行的生产方法。但是，该系统对奶牛和牧场生产力的变化都很敏感。该系统对生物成分生产率变化的响应能力受到冯·莱比奇的最低定律的限制。;对政策替代方案的研究表明，如果生产者所接受的牛奶价格高于上述价格，则低投入生产的奶业在经济上是可行的当前的制造业牛奶价格。结果还表明，随着农民将灵活性引入乳制品的饲料管理策略中，低投入的乳制品更加有利可图。这种灵活性来自农民在进行干草制作和补充饲料时对生物的限制较少的限制。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tozer, Peter Rex.;

  • 作者单位

    Washington State University.;

  • 授予单位 Washington State University.;
  • 学科 Agricultural economics.;Agriculture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1998
  • 页码 141 p.
  • 总页数 141
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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