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Network analysis: Foundations, extensions, and applications of a systems theory of the environment

机译：网络分析：环境系统理论的基础，扩展和应用

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摘要

The goal of this dissertation is to show that environmental influences, which are propagated by the direct and indirect interactions of the internal and external network organization, significantly affect system behavior. It focuses on four emergent properties or hypotheses: amplification (Patten et al., 1990), homogenization (Patten et al., 1990), synergism (Patten, 1991), and indirect effects (Higashi and Patten, 1986). These properties give insight into the behavior of holistic network interactions. This research is broken into two areas, theoretical development and application of these properties.;The first of three theoretical advances is a formal description of the path analysis and a methodology to create random flow matrices from connection matrices (function from structure). Second, network homogenization is made quantitative and testable. Third, network synergism is used to show that all networks are on the whole dominated by positive, mutualistic relations.;Four applications of network properties are given. Utility analysis is a control measure because it simultaneously accounts for both top-down and bottom-up processes. As a result, ecosystem control is distributed among many components. When the network properties are tested on large-scale systems, homogenization and indirect effects increase with size, synergism decreases, and amplification does not occur. These results indicate that homogenization and indirect effects are underestimated in small-scale, empirically based models because real ecosystems are generally composed of many components. Third, utility analysis is used as a conditional explanation for the observation of low transfer efficiency between components. A limitation exists because of the constraint in computing the utility analysis. Fourth, utility analysis is introduced as an ecological goal function parameter. The benefit to using utility analysis is its dual determination by both throughflow and net flow because it is maximized when these two processes are optimized. The developments and applications presented here support network analysis as a useful way to investigate system structure and function, and the results reinforce the importance of considering direct and indirect environmental contributions to overall system behavior.
机译：本文的目的是表明内部和外部网络组织的直接和间接交互传播的环境影响对系统行为产生了重大影响。它着重于四个新兴特性或假设：扩增（Patten等，1990），均质化（Patten等，1990），协同作用（Patten，1991）和间接作用（Higashi和Patten，1986）。这些属性可以洞悉整体网络交互的行为。这项研究分为两个领域，即这些特性的理论发展和应用。三项理论上的第一个是对路径分析的正式描述，以及从连接矩阵（结构函数）创建随机流矩阵的方法。其次，网络同质化是定量的和可测试的。第三，网络协同作用表明所有网络总体上都是由积极的，互惠的关系所主导。给出了网络属性的四种应用。效用分析是一种控制措施，因为它同时考虑了自上而下和自下而上的过程。结果，生态系统控制分布在许多组成部分之间。在大型系统上测试网络属性时，同质化和间接影响会随大小而增加，协同作用会降低，并且不会发生放大。这些结果表明，在小规模的，基于经验的模型中，均质化和间接效应被低估了，因为实际的生态系统通常由许多组件组成。第三，效用分析被用作观察组件之间转移效率低的条件解释。由于计算效用分析的限制而存在限制。第四，引入效用分析作为生态目标函数参数。使用效用分析的好处是可以同时通过流量和净流量进行双重确定，因为当优化这两个过程时，它会最大化。本文介绍的开发和应用程序支持网络分析，这是研究系统结构和功能的一种有用方法，其结果强调了考虑直接和间接环境对整个系统行为的影响的重要性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Fath, Brian David.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Georgia.;

  • 授予单位 University of Georgia.;
  • 学科 Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1998
  • 页码 176 p.
  • 总页数 176
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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