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首页> 外文学位 >The trade war at home: Factor mobility, international trade, and political coalitions in democracies.
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The trade war at home: Factor mobility, international trade, and political coalitions in democracies.

机译：国内的贸易战：要素流动，国际贸易和民主国家的政治联盟。

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摘要

While domestic political conflict has been a constant companion to international trade, the nature of that conflict has varied greatly in Western democracies over the last two centuries. Political battle lines over trade have sometimes divided nations into broad class coalitions and, at other times, into more narrow sectoral or industry-based coalitions. I argue that this diversity is largely a function of historical and cross-national variation in factor mobility: that is, the ease with which individual owners of land, labor, and capital can move between industries in the domestic economy. Class conflict is more likely where factor mobility is high, while narrow industry-based coalitions have a stronger presence when mobility is low. I develop a formal model of the distributional effects of trade that links levels of mobility to coalition formation, the behavior of political parties and lobby groups, and the character of trade policies.;The study examines evidence of historical and cross-national variation in factor mobility in Western economies, indicating that mobility levels are strongly related to industrialization. Early stages of development typically produced a sharp rise in mobility with rapid improvements in transportation and communication. More surprisingly, later stages, involving greater reliance on specialized physical and human capital, appear to have led to a noticeable decline in inter-industry factor mobility. A qualitative analysis of trade politics in several Western economies since 1815, coupled with a statistical analysis of legislative voting on trade bills, indicates that these changes have had significant effects on trade coalitions. The evidence indicates that parties are more unified along class lines when mobility is high, while industry groups lobby more vigorously along industry lines when mobility declines. Further, the coherence of the trade policies and platforms adopted by the parties appears to be directly related to levels of factor mobility.;The research suggests that class-based analysis of trade politics, and perhaps economic policy-making more generally, while appropriate in many Western economies in past periods, have become far less enlightening with continued industrialization.
机译：尽管国内政治冲突一直是国际贸易的长期伴侣，但在过去两个世纪中，西方民主国家的冲突性质发生了很大变化。贸易方面的政治战线有时将国家划分为广泛的阶级联盟，有时又将国家划分为更狭窄的部门或基于工业的联盟。我认为这种多样性在很大程度上是历史和跨国因素变动的函数：即土地，劳动力和资本的个体所有者在国内经济中的行业之间转移的难易程度。在要素流动性高的地方，阶级冲突更有可能发生，而在流动性低的情况下，基于行业的狭窄联盟会更强大。我开发了一个贸易分配效应的正式模型，该模型将流动性水平与联盟形成，政党和游说团体的行为以及贸易政策的特征联系起来;该研究研究了历史和跨国因素变化的证据西方经济体的流动性，表明流动性水平与工业化密切相关。发展的早期阶段通常会随着交通和通讯的快速改善而大大提高流动性。更令人惊讶的是，后来的阶段，包括更多地依赖专门的物质和人力资本，似乎导致了产业间因素流动性的显着下降。自1815年以来对几个西方经济体的贸易政治进行定性分析，再加上对贸易法案进行立法投票的统计分析，表明这些变化对贸易联盟产生了重大影响。有证据表明，在流动性较高的情况下，政党在阶级路线上更加统一，而在流动性下降的情况下，行业集团则在产业界更加积极地游说。此外，各方采用的贸易政策和平台的一致性似乎与要素流动水平直接相关。研究表明，基于阶级的贸易政治分析，也许是更广泛的经济政策制定，虽然适用于在过去的许多西方经济体中，随着工业化的持续发展，启蒙作用已大大减弱。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hiscox, Michael John.;

  • 作者单位

    Harvard University.;

  • 授予单位 Harvard University.;
  • 学科 Political science.;Commerce-Business.;Modern history.;Economic history.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 496 p.
  • 总页数 496
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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