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Investigations into the ecology and pathology of Thielaviopsis basicola.

机译：基本Thielaviopsis basicola的生态学和病理学研究。

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摘要

Pathogenesis was examined on cultivars of burley tobacco that are either susceptible or completely resistant to black root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola). Roots of both cultivars were penetrated, but hyphae advanced from necrotic regions into asymptomatic cells on the susceptible cultivar and were restricted to the initially penetrated cells in the resistant cultivar. Lesion number, lesion size, and secondary inoculum production were severely limited on the resistant cultivar. A KOH-aniline blue technique for fluorescent staining of fungi in association with plant tissues was developed. The technique provided rapid, simple, and effective documentation of plant-fungal interactions. Various applications and modifications of the standard procedure of the technique were investigated. Initial cellular interactions between Thielaviopsis basicola and root hairs of tobacco were examined. Upon root hair contact and recognition, the vegetative apex of T. basicola rapidly differentiated to form infection structures and the host cell responded cytologically. Streaming of the host cytoplasm became aggregated near the infection site prior to penetration. Penetration of dead root hairs was common but did not lead to development of infection structures or to a sustained association with the host tissue. The diameter, length, and degree of branching of T. basicola hyphae were positively correlated with the level of available nutrients. Hyphal segments ("resting hyphae") that possessed features analogous to endoconidia and aleuriospores of T. basicola were observed. Depletion of nutrients from the culture environment induced aleuriospore production. Such development of aleuriospores demonstrated that T. basicola is able to produce a substantial number of reproductive structures from nutrient reserves held within the existing thallus. The ability of T. basicola to survive saprophytically in soil was investigated using root tissue from a susceptible host as the nutritive substrate. Inoculum densities were lower in amended soils than in non-amended controls. T. basicola utilized killed root tissue as a carbon source in axenic media, particularly in treatments where root tissue included the soluble components. Enzymatic activities of T. basicola did not result in maceration of the root tissue. Based upon the results in this study, T. basicola should be classified ecologically as an obligate parasite.
机译：在对黑根腐病（Thielaviopsis basicola）敏感或完全耐药的白肋烟品种上检查了发病机理。两个品种的根均被穿透，但菌丝从坏死区进入易感品种上的无症状细胞，并被限制在抗性品种中最初穿透的细胞上。在抗性品种上，病灶数目，病灶大小和第二代接种物的生产受到严重限制。开发了一种KOH-苯胺蓝技术，用于与植物组织结合的真菌的荧光染色。该技术提供了植物，真菌相互作用的快速，简单和有效的文档。研究了该技术标准程序的各种应用和修改。初步检查了Thielaviopsis basicola和烟草根毛之间的初始细胞相互作用。根毛接触和识别后，巴氏衣原体的营养根迅速分化形成感染结构，宿主细胞发生细胞学反应。在渗透之前，宿主细胞质的流在感染部位附近聚集。死根毛的渗透是普遍的，但没有导致感染结构的发展或与宿主组织的持续结合。 T. basicola菌丝菌丝的直径，长度和分支程度与可利用的养分水平呈正相关。观察到菌丝节段（“静止菌丝”）具有类似于内生分生孢子虫和内生锥虫的孢子菌的特征。培养环境中营养物质的耗尽导致了孢粉的产生。 leu毛孢子的这种发展表明，T。basicola能够从现有held体中保存的营养储备中产生大量的生殖结构。使用来自易感宿主的根组织作为营养底物，研究了巴氏杆菌在土壤中腐生存活的能力。改良土壤中的接种物密度低于未改良对照。 T. basicola利用被杀死的根组织作为疏松介质中的碳源，特别是在根组织中含有可溶性成分的治疗中。 T. basicola的酶活性未导致根组织浸软。根据这项研究的结果，应将T. basicola从生态学上归为专性寄生虫。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hood, Michael Eric.;

  • 作者单位

    North Carolina State University.;

  • 授予单位 North Carolina State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.Agriculture Plant Pathology.Biology Microbiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1996
  • 页码 124 p.
  • 总页数 124
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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