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Integrated planning decision support system incorporating geological hazards and risk assessment.

机译：整合了地质灾害和风险评估的综合规划决策支持系统。

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摘要

The Integrated Planning Decision Support System (IPDS) is designed as a decision support system (DSS) to assist governments and communities in evaluation of geological hazards, vulnerability, and risk. The IPDS system incorporates the Geographic Information System (GIS) Geographic Resource Analysis Support System (GRASS) and engineering numerical models within a Graphic User Interface (GUI), to provide the user with comprehensive modelling capabilities for geological hazards, vulnerability, and risk assessment. The methodology that IPDS follows for the evaluation of hazards takes into account the weight of each influencing factor within hazardous geologic processes. IPDS interactive algorithms compute the following parameters for each cell (based on the maximum resolution of the data): the related hazard, the vulnerability to geological hazards, and the risk. One purpose of this DSS is the definition of land-use suitability categories for urban planning.; This DSS incorporates the following information: topography, aspect, bedrock and surficial geology, structural geology, geomorphology, soils (geotechnical data), land cover, land-use, hydrology, precipitation (annual average and probable maximum), Federal Emergency Management Agency floodway maps (1986), and historic data to assess hazards. IPDS is designed to assess any "generic" hazard, such as debris flows, subsidence, and floods, with probable maximum precipitation and seismicity as triggering factors for susceptibility scenarios. The regular items considered in vulnerability analysis are (1) ecosystem sensitivity, (2) economic vulnerability, and (3) social infrastructure vulnerability. The risk is assessed as a function of hazard and vulnerability.; The area of Glenwood Springs, Colorado (USA) was selected to evaluate this model. Glenwood Springs lies at the junction of the Roaring Fork and Colorado Rivers, surrounded by the steep peaks of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. The Roaring Fork River occupies a narrow valley incised into complex and relatively incompetent lithologies. Large parts of the valley have had intensive sheet erosion, debris flows, and hyperconcentrated floods triggered by landslides and slumps. The latter come from unstable to extremely unstable slopes in the many tributary channels on the surrounding mountainsides, causing concentration of debris in channels and a large accumulation of sediments in colluvial wedges and debris fans that line the valley. The semiarid climate, characterized by occasional fast melting of heavy snowpack and/or intense, short duration spring and summer thunderstorms, greatly decreases slope stability.; The area of Glenwood Springs was analyzed with IPDS. The IPDS model delineated excellent areas for future urban development, as well as providing insights into areas of high risk in residential, commercial, and assembly sites. Hazard-susceptibility maps were developed for debris flows, floods, and subsidence using algorithms which subjectively weighted the controlling variables. A sensitivity analysis of these weightings was performed for the debris-flow map. The results of the model can be used to guide planning and management of existing or proposed development. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：综合规划决策支持系统（IPDS）设计为决策支持系统（DSS），可协助政府和社区评估地质灾害，脆弱性和风险。 IPDS系统在图形用户界面（GUI）中结合了地理信息系统（GIS）地理资源分析支持系统（GRASS）和工程数值模型，为用户提供了地质灾害，脆弱性和风险评估的全面建模能力。 IPDS用于评估危害的方法论考虑了危险地质过程中每个影响因素的重要性。 IPDS交互式算法为每个像元计算以下参数（基于数据的最大分辨率）：相关危害，地质危害的脆弱性和风险。该DSS的目的之一是为城市规划定义土地用途适宜性类别。该DSS包含以下信息：地形，纵横比，基岩和表层地质，结构地质，地貌，土壤（岩土技术数据），土地覆盖，土地利用，水文学，降水（年平均数和可能的最大值），联邦紧急事务管理局的洪水道地图（1986），以及评估危害的历史数据。 IPDS旨在评估可能发生的最大降水和地震活动作为易感性场景的触发因素的任何“一般”危害，例如泥石流，塌陷和洪水。脆弱性分析中考虑的常规项目是（1）生态系统敏感性，（2）经济脆弱性和（3）社会基础设施脆弱性。根据风险和脆弱性评估风险。选择了科罗拉多州格伦伍德温泉地区（美国）来评估该模型。格伦伍德温泉（Glenwood Springs）位于咆哮的叉子和科罗拉多河的交汇处，周围是科罗拉多洛矶山脉的陡峭山峰。咆哮的叉子河占据了一个狭窄的山谷，该山谷被切割成复杂且相对无能的岩性。山谷的大部分地区都有严重的表层侵蚀，泥石流和由滑坡和塌陷引发的高浓度洪水。后者来自周围山坡上许多支流河道的不稳定至极不稳定的斜坡，导致河道中的碎屑集中，并在山谷两侧的坡地楔形物和碎屑扇中形成大量沉积物。半干旱气候的特征是偶尔出现大雪堆快速融化和/或春季和夏季雷暴持续时间短，强度大的问题，大大降低了边坡的稳定性。使用IPDS对格伦伍德温泉地区进行了分析。 IPDS模型描绘了未来城市发展的最佳区域，并提供了对住宅，商业和装配场所中高风险区域的见解。使用主观加权控制变量的算法，针对泥石流，洪水和沉陷绘制了危险易感性图。针对泥石流图对这些权重进行了敏感性分析。该模型的结果可用于指导现有或拟议开发的计划和管理。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Mejia-Navarro, Mario.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Geology.; Geotechnology.; Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1995
  • 页码 235 p.
  • 总页数 235
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 地质学;地质学;环境科学基础理论;
  • 关键词

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