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首页> 外文学位 >Analysis of behavioral and cellular plasticity induced by aversive tentacular stimulation in Aplysia.
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Analysis of behavioral and cellular plasticity induced by aversive tentacular stimulation in Aplysia.

机译：触角触角刺激引起的行为和细胞可塑性的分析。

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摘要

A fundamental goal in the fields of psychology and neuroscience is an understanding of the neural mechanisms of learning and memory. The marine mollusc Aplysia californica has been a valuable model system for exploring the mechanisms of simple forms of learning, such as sensitization and classical conditioning, that are expressed in defensive withdrawal reflexes. Forms of learning that involve non-reflexive behaviors are important as well, but have received comparatively little attention in Aplysia. This dissertation examines learned modulation of head waving (a spontaneously occurring exploratory behavior of Aplysia) produced by aversive stimulation of the anterior tentacles.; Behavioral experiments on intact, freely behaving animals demonstrated that training with electric shock as an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US), delivered unilaterally to the anterior tentacles on the head of the animal, produces a learned shift in head waving away from the side on which shock was applied. This behavioral change represents a novel form of learning, which is influenced by the topographic location of an aversive stimulus.; Cellular experiments, conducted in reduced preparations, examined plasticity in cerebral ganglion sensory neurons (the J/K cluster neurons), which constitute an afferent pathway for the aversive US (anterior tentacle stimulation). Plasticity in these neurons, particularly reflecting side-specific or site-specific alterations, could be involved in mediating aspects of the learning induced by tentacle shock. The results of these cellular experiments show that these neurons exhibit several forms of plasticity: (1) side-specific spike broadening, (2) post-tetanic potentiation (PTP), (3) heterosynaptic facilitation, and (4) activity-dependent synaptic facilitation.; Moreover, by activating sensory neurons directly to produce PTP, and producing heterosynaptic facilitation by stimuli to the tentacles that either do or do not activate particular sensory neurons, it was possible to dissect and analyze the differential contribution of intrinsic activity and heterosynaptic modulation in activity-dependent facilitation induced by behaviorally relevant stimuli. Collectively, these data raise the possibility that plasticity in primary afferent sensory neurons may be involved in US processing during learning induced by tentacle stimulation.
机译：心理学和神经科学领域的基本目标是对学习和记忆的神经机制的理解。海洋软体动物Aplisia californica已经成为一种有价值的模型系统，用于探索以防御性退缩反射表达的简单学习形式（例如敏化和经典条件）的机制。涉及非自反性行为的学习形式也很重要，但在Aplysia中受到的关注相对较少。本文研究了厌恶性刺激前触角对头挥舞的学习调节（自发发生的海learned的探索行为）。对完好无损，行为自由的动物进行的行为实验表明，电击训练是一种厌恶的无条件刺激（美国），它单侧传递到动物头部的前部触角，从而使学习者的头部向远离电击一侧的方向挥舞已应用。这种行为上的变化代表了一种新颖的学习形式，受到厌恶刺激的地形位置的影响。以简化的制剂进行的细胞实验检查了脑神经节感觉神经元（J / K簇神经元）的可塑性，这些神经元构成了厌恶性US（前触手刺激）的传入途径。这些神经元的可塑性，特别是反映侧面或部位的改变，可能参与了触手休克诱发的学习过程的调解。这些细胞实验的结果表明，这些神经元表现出多种形式的可塑性：（1）侧特异性突峰加宽；（2）破伤风后增强（PTP）；（3）异突触促进；以及（4）活性依赖性突触便利。此外，通过直接激活感觉神经元产生PTP，并通过刺激触角来激活或不激活特定感觉神经元，从而产生异突触促进作用，从而有可能剖析和分析内在活性和异突触调节在活动中的不同作用。与行为有关的刺激所引起的依赖促进作用。总的来说，这些数据增加了在触手刺激引起的学习过程中，初级传入感觉神经元的可塑性可能参与US处理的可能性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Fitzgerald, Kent K.;

  • 作者单位

    Yale University.;

  • 授予单位 Yale University.;
  • 学科 Psychology Psychobiology.; Biology Neuroscience.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1995
  • 页码 156 p.
  • 总页数 156
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 心理学;神经科学;
  • 关键词

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