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首页> 外文学位 >Event-related brain potentials as a function of evaluative and nonevaluative judgment processes: A late positive brain potential that varies as a function of categorization rather than response operations.
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Event-related brain potentials as a function of evaluative and nonevaluative judgment processes: A late positive brain potential that varies as a function of categorization rather than response operations.

机译：事件相关的脑电势与评估和非评估判断过程的关系：晚期正脑电势随分类而不是响应操作而变化。

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The foundation for the scientific study of attitudes was established by Thurstone (1928) when he outlined a self-report technique for assessing attitudes that was based on the theory and methods of psychophysics. The application of ideas from psychophysics helped to characterize attitudinal processes as involving (1) an evaluative percept (categorization) of a stimulus and (2) a bivalent action disposition toward the stimulus. Because the evaluative percepts that underlie attitudes can be obscured during the behavioral expression of attitudes, however, the reliance on self-report measures has restricted the study of attitudinal processes by (1) limiting research to attitudes that are unlikely to be influenced by nonattitudinal response selection and execution processes and (2) making it difficult to examine the unique aspects of evaluative as opposed to nonevaluative judgment processes. In the present studies, a late positive potential (LPP) of the ERP that is sensitive to evaluative categorizations is used to address these limitations. As has been found previously, the amplitude of the LPP was found to vary as a function of the evaluative inconsistency of the eliciting stimulus. In addition, results suggest that the LPP is particularly sensitive to variations in evaluative categorization rather than response processes as instructions to misreport the valence of stimuli led to the instructed changes in attitude report but did not significantly change the LPP evoked by these stimuli. The evaluative/nonevaluative nature of the experimental tasks that are used to elicit the LPP was also varied; results are consistent with the notion that there are common information processing operations underlying evaluative and nonevaluative semantic categorizations but that the sets of psychological operations are not completely overlapping. Specifically, the LPP elicited by evaluative categorizations was found to be asymmetrically distributed over the left and right scalp regions, with a larger amplitude over the right than the left scalp regions, relative to the LPP elicited by nonevaluative categorizations. Thus, these results suggest that evaluative and nonevaluative semantic categorizations have at least partially distinct information processing operations.
机译：瑟斯通（Thurstone，1928年）概述了态度的科学研究基础，当时他概述了一种基于心理物理学的理论和方法的自我报告评估态度的技术。心理物理学思想的应用有助于将态度过程定性为：（1）对刺激的评价感知（分类）和（2）对刺激的二价作用倾向。但是，由于在态度的行为表达过程中可能掩盖了态度基础的评估知觉，因此对自我报告措施的依赖通过以下方式限制了对态度过程的研究：（1）将研究限于不可能受到非态度反应影响的态度选择和执行过程；（2）与非评估判断过程相比，难以评估评估的独特方面。在本研究中，对评估分类敏感的ERP的后期正电位（LPP）用于解决这些局限性。如先前所发现的，发现LPP的幅度根据引起的刺激的评估不一致而变化。此外，结果表明，LPP对评估分类的变化特别敏感，而不是响应过程，因为错误报告刺激价的指令导致了态度报告中的指示性变化，但并未显着改变这些刺激引起的LPP。用于引发LPP的实验任务的评估/非评估性质也有所不同；结果与以下观点一致：在评估和非评估语义分类中存在通用的信息处理操作，但是心理操作的集合并不完全重叠。具体而言，发现相对于非评估分类所引发的LPP，通过评估分类引发的LPP在左侧和右侧头皮区域不对称分布，在右侧的幅度大于左侧头皮区域。因此，这些结果表明，评估和非评估语义分类至少具有部分不同的信息处理操作。

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