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Seismic reflection imaging over a thermally enhanced oil recovery site.

机译：热增强采油现场的地震反射成像。

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摘要

In recent years it has become increasingly important to develop a capability for monitoring Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes as they are occurring within the reservoir. A knowledge of the developing processes in real time allows the possibility of controlling and/or modifying the processes involved. During thermal EOR operations, such as steam stimulation or steamflooding, the reservoir formations undergo a number of thermally and mechanically induced physical alterations. These changes cause various petrophysical parameters to produce amplitude anomalies on seismic reflected energy. The amplitude anomalies occur as bright spots, zones of attenuated energy and as interference phenomena. They may be due to large changes in reflection coefficients due to the presence of gas or hot steam and/or steam condensate.;The elastic equations may need to be modified due to enhanced anisotropy and the change in velocity which creates "lenses" which focus or defocus acoustic or elastic waves and produce interference phenomena on stacked sections.;Synthetic seismograms were computed for P-SV and SH wave propagation in transversely isotropic media adapted for the vector CDC-205 supercomputer. The algorithms are based on the fourth order accurate MacCormack type splitting scheme. Examples indicate that anisotropy plays an important role in modeling the kinematic and the dynamic properties of the wave propagation and should be taken into account when necessary.;A new type of migration before stack has been developed which is relatively cost effective and successful in imaging diffracted elastic waves. It is a simple and yet robust seismic common shot gather depth migration operating in the frequency-space (;A seismic experiment consisting of three reflection lines was carried out by Esso Resources in February of 1984 over a steam injection research site near Cold Lake, Alberta. Analysis of the field data showed that large variations in reflected scattered energy occurred as a function of angle of incidence in areas affected by the steam zone. An Amplitude-versus-Angle (AVA) analysis, over the steam injection location showed encouraging results and established that seismic reflection methods, when well designed and carefully processed, can be used to map the invaded steam zones in steam stimulation EOR operations. The results are imaged on a new type of display called ARPA (Amplitude Ratio for Partial Angle), which illustrates reflections zones with low-high Poisson's ratio or equivalent high/low gas saturation with a CMP stack section plotted as the background.
机译：近年来，开发监测油层中发生的增强油采收率（EOR）过程的能力变得越来越重要。实时了解开发过程可以控制和/或修改所涉及的过程。在热EOR操作（例如蒸汽刺激或蒸汽驱）中，储层形成经历了许多热和机械诱导的物理变化。这些变化导致各种岩石物理参数产生地震反射能量的振幅异常。幅度异常出现在亮点，能量衰减区域和干扰现象中。它们可能是由于存在气体或热蒸汽和/或蒸汽冷凝物而导致反射系数发生了很大的变化。；由于各向异性的增强和速度的变化（可能会产生聚焦的“透镜”），可能需要修改弹性方程在合成矢量CDC-205超级计算机的横向各向同性介质中，计算了P-SV和SH波在横向各向同性介质中的传播，合成了地震图。该算法基于四阶准确的MacCormack类型拆分方案。实例表明各向异性在波传播的运动学和动力学特性建模中起着重要作用，并在必要时应予以考虑。；已经开发了一种新型的叠前偏移方法，该方法相对经济有效，并且在衍射成像中比较成功弹性波。这是在频率空间中进行的简单而稳健的地震普通炮弹深度偏移（; 1984年2月，埃索资源公司在艾伯塔省冷湖附近的一个蒸汽注入研究现场进行了由三个反射线组成的地震实验对现场数据的分析表明，在受蒸汽带影响的区域中，反射散射能量随入射角的变化而发生很大变化；在蒸汽注入位置上的幅值与角度（AVA）分析显示出令人鼓舞的结果，并且建立了地震反射方法，经过精心设计和精心处理，可用于绘制蒸汽增产EOR操作中的侵入蒸汽带，并将结果成像在称为ARPA（偏角振幅比）的新型显示器上具有高低泊松比或等效高/低气体饱和度的反射区域，并以CMP堆栈截面作为背景。

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  • 作者

    Tsingas, Constantine.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Alberta (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Alberta (Canada).;
  • 学科 Geophysics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1990
  • 页码 182 p.
  • 总页数 182
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 老年病学;
  • 关键词

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