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Clostridial fermentation of high-energy sorghum.

机译：高能高粱的梭菌发酵。

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Pretreatment of biomass has been shown to increase the efficiency of microbial conversion of lignocellulose to energy or chemicals. Most chemical and physical pretreatments, however, are too expensive for practical application.; Biological pretreatment during ensilage storage offers the potential for a low cost pretreatment process for herbaceous biomass. A number of cellulolytic microorganisms occurring naturally in silages or inoculated into the biomass during ensiling could result in significant hydrolysis of lignocellulose during storage prior to conversion to the final end products.; The overall objective of this research was to induce clostridial fermentation in sorghum during ensiling through either manipulation of enviromental conditions or inoculation with clostridium bacteria. The first objective was to determine whether environmental conditions can influence the natural microorganism's population distribution during ensiling, thus leading to clostridial fermentation. The second objective was to determine whether cellulolytic clostridia can compete with lactic acid bacteria in the ensiling process, resulting in a clostridial fermentation. Two studies were conducted to investigate these two objectives.; Three levels of water soluble sugars ranging from 180g/kg D.M. to 15g/Kg D.M. and five levels of moisture contents ranging from 58% to 81% were used in the first part of this investigation. The fermentation types were generally heterolactic acid fermentation though sporadic clostridial fermentations were observed. The major products from the fermentations were lactic acid, acetic acid, ethanol, and mannitol. Although the effects of water soluble sugar and moisture content were highly significant for the amount of lactic acid and total products in the fermentations, the two factors were not enough to induce cellulolytic clostridial fermentation. Forage fiber analysis and analysis of variance of the data showed that the cell wall was not decomposed in lactic acid bacteria dominated fementations.; In the second study, Clostridium celluloyticum inoculum was used to trigger clostridial fermentation in sterilized and unsterilized sorghum under various treatment conditions. Forage fiber analysis showed that cell wall structure was modified, and hemicellulose and cellulose amounts were reduced by both inoculation with Clostridium cellulolyticum and physical treatment effects. More cellobiose was produced from sterilized sorghum treated with C.cellulolyticum than the other treatments.
机译：生物量的预处理已经显示出可以提高木质纤维素向能量或化学物质的微生物转化的效率。然而，大多数化学和物理预处理对于实际应用而言太昂贵了。贮藏物期间的生物预处理为草本生物质的低成本预处理提供了潜力。在青贮过程中天然存在于青贮饲料中或接种到生物质中的许多纤维素分解微生物可导致木质纤维素在转化为最终产品之前的储存过程中发生明显水解。这项研究的总体目标是通过控制环境条件或接种梭状芽胞杆菌细菌在青贮过程中诱导高粱中的梭菌发酵。第一个目标是确定环境条件是否可以影响青贮过程中自然微生物的种群分布，从而导致梭菌发酵。第二个目的是确定纤维素酶解梭菌在包膜过程中是否可以与乳酸菌竞争，从而导致梭菌发酵。进行了两项研究以调查这两个目标。三种水溶性糖含量范围为180g / kg D.M.至15g / Kg D.M.在本研究的第一部分中，使用了58％到81％的五个水分含量。发酵类型通常为杂乳酸发酵，尽管观察到偶发的梭菌发酵。发酵的主要产物是乳酸，乙酸，乙醇和甘露醇。尽管水溶性糖和水分含量对发酵中乳酸和总产物的影响非常显着，但这两个因素不足以诱导纤维素分解梭菌发酵。饲用纤维分析和数据方差分析表明，在乳酸菌为主的发酵物中，细胞壁没有分解。在第二项研究中，使用梭状芽胞杆菌接种物在各种处理条件下在灭菌和未灭菌的高粱中引发梭菌发酵。饲草纤维分析表明，通过接种解纤梭菌和物理处理效果，细胞壁结构得到了修饰，半纤维素和纤维素的量减少了。与其他处理相比，用解纤梭菌处理过的无菌高粱生产的纤维二糖更多。

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