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首页> 外文学位 >Expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase RNA in rat brain, peripheral tissues, and cell lines.
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Expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase RNA in rat brain, peripheral tissues, and cell lines.

机译：谷氨酸脱羧酶RNA在大鼠脑，外周组织和细胞系中的表达。

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Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; E.C. 4.1.1.15) catalyzes the production of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Multiple forms of GAD exist in the adult and fetal brain. Many peripheral tissues also contain GAD and GABA though their roles are unknown. There are at least two types of GAD among non-neural tissues, one similar to brain GAD, and the other different.; To find out how many genes are present in the rat genome, I isolated and mapped GAD genomic clones. My data support the presence of a single GAD gene suggesting that the multiple forms of GAD are produced by alternative splicing, alternative initiation of transcription, or posttranslational modifications of a single gene product.; Using a feline brain GAD cDNA (Kaufman et al., 1986), I isolated a longer cDNA from rat brain. With this rat GAD cDNA, I examined the expression of GAD RNA in brain, peripheral tissues and cell lines of rat. A major species of GAD RNA (3.7 kb long) is expressed throughout the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal development and normal aging of adult. During the prenatal development, an additional GAD RNA species is expressed at significant level.; Of the peripheral tissues examined, only rat brain oviduct and testes contain GAD RNA sufficiently similar to brain GAD to form stable hybrids with brain GAD cDNA. The sizes of the multiple RNAs in these tissues, however, are different from that in the brain.; Six distinct GAD RNAs are differentially expressed during the postnatal development of rat testis. Development switch of GAD RNA also occur in the testis. One of the testicular GAD RNA species (1.9 kb long) is present in cultured Sertoli cells. This GAD RNA changes in response to FSH, testosterone and beta-endorphin. Influence of hormones on GAD RNAs in reproductive organs is further demonstrated by the changes of oviduct GAD RNAs during pregnancy and changes in both oviduct and testicular GAD RNAs in response to altered secretion of pituitary hormones.; GAD RNA and protein are induced in the pheochromocytoma cell line PC12, by nerve growth factor. GAD RNA similar to brain is also present in B65, B103 neuroblastomas and C6 glioma cells.
机译：谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD； E.C.4.1.1.15）催化抑制性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的产生。成年和胎儿脑中存在多种形式的GAD。尽管它们的作用尚不清楚，但许多外周组织也含有GAD和GABA。非神经组织中至少有两种GAD类型，一种类似于脑GAD，另一种不同。为了找出大鼠基因组中存在多少个基因，我分离并绘制了GAD基因组克隆。我的数据支持单个GAD基因的存在，这表明GAD的多种形式是通过单个基因产物的选择性剪接，转录的替代起始或翻译后修饰产生的。使用猫脑GAD cDNA（Kaufman等人，1986），我从大鼠脑中分离了更长的cDNA。我用这种大鼠GAD cDNA检查了大鼠脑，外周组织和细胞系中GAD RNA的表达。 GAD RNA的主要种类（长3.7 kb）在整个产前，围产期和产后发育以及成年人的正常衰老过程中都有表达。在产前发育过程中，其他GAD RNA种类大量表达。在检查的周围组织中，仅大鼠脑输卵管和睾丸含有与脑GAD足够相似的GAD RNA，可与脑GAD cDNA形成稳定的杂种。但是，这些组织中多种RNA的大小与大脑中的大小不同。在大鼠睾丸的产后发育过程中，六个不同的GAD RNA差异表达。 GAD RNA的发育转换也发生在睾丸中。睾丸GAD RNA物种之一（长1.9 kb）存在于培养的Sertoli细胞中。该GAD RNA响应FSH，睾丸激素和β-内啡肽而发生变化。孕期输卵管GAD RNA的变化以及响应垂体激素分泌变化的输卵管和睾丸GAD RNA的变化进一步证明了激素对生殖器官GAD RNA的影响。 GAD RNA和蛋白质通过神经生长因子在嗜铬细胞瘤细胞系PC12中诱导。 B65，B103神经母细胞瘤和C6胶质瘤细胞中也存在类似于大脑的GAD RNA。

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