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Evidence for the role of self-reference in the effects of mood on memory in normal college students.

机译：自我参考在普通大学生情绪对记忆的影响中的作用证据。

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摘要

The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationships among self-reference, mood state, and memory. In experiment one the question of why mood-congruent effects are obtained reliably in elated mood, but inconsistently obtained in depressed mood was examined. Earlier studies utilizing more self-referent material were more likely to obtain mood-congruent effects for both elated and depressed moods. Hypothesis one predicted that the use of autobiographical material as a source of stimulus material would lead to mood-congruent findings for both elated and depressed moods.;Hypothesis one of experiment one was supported, suggesting that mood-congruent effects for both elated and depressed moods can be obtained when autobiographical memory is used as a source of stimulus material. Second, though significant differences between clustering of pleasant and unpleasant memories for subjects undergoing mood inductions were obtained, only the ratio for clustering of unpleasant memories in the elation group was significantly different from chance. Finally, there was no evidence that demand characteristics played a role in this experiment.;In experiment two, the results indicated that subjects had significantly shorter response latencies to their own memories. However, because of a confound between the memory condensing task and the self-reference of the material, the self-reference effect cannot be said to have been conclusively replicated. Finally, no significant mood-congruent findings were obtained.;The results were discussed in terms of their relevance for understanding the relationship between self-focused attention and the directive function of affect, and the organization of affective material in long term memory.;Hypothesis two in this experiment was related to the organization of affective material in memory. Because mood inductions should lead to the activation of affectively congruent schemas, subjects receiving mood inductions should exhibit more organization for congruent information. Statistical methods designed to measure the amount of clustering in free recall were used to test this prediction. A third purpose of this experiment was to investigate the influence of demand characteristics on research involving mood induction techniques which are designed for use in laboratory settings. Experiment two was, in part, an attempt to replicate the self-reference effect, using autobiographical memories as stimulus material.
机译：这项研究的主要目的是检查自我参照，情绪状态和记忆之间的关系。在实验一中，研究了为什么在兴高采烈的情绪中能可靠地获得与情绪一致的效果，而在沮丧的情绪中却不能获得一致的效果的问题。早期使用更多自指材料的研究更有可能在情绪高涨和沮丧时获得与情绪一致的效果。假设1预测使用自传材料作为刺激材料的来源会导致兴高采烈和沮丧的情绪的情绪一致发现。;实验一的假设1受到​​支持，表明兴高采烈和沮丧的情绪的情绪一致效应。当自传式记忆被用作刺激材料的来源时，可以得到。其次，尽管对于经历情绪诱导的对象获得了愉快和不愉快的记忆的聚类之间的显着差异，但只有兴高采烈组中不愉快的记忆的聚类的比率与机会显着不同。最后，没有证据表明需求特征在该实验中起作用。在实验二中，结果表明受试者对自己记忆的反应潜伏期明显缩短。但是，由于在存储器压缩任务和材料的自引用之间存在混淆，因此不能说自引用效果已被确定地复制。最后，没有获得与情绪一致的重要发现。讨论结果的意义在于，它们与理解自我关注和情感的指导功能之间的关系以及长期记忆中情感材料的组织。该实验中的两个与记忆中情感材料的组织有关。因为情绪诱导应该导致情感上一致的模式的激活，所以接受情绪诱导的受试者应该表现出更多的组织来获得一致的信息。设计用于测量自由召回中聚类数量的统计方法用于测试此预测。该实验的第三个目的是研究需求特征对涉及情绪诱导技术的研究的影响，该技术旨在用于实验室环境。实验二部分是尝试使用自传记忆作为刺激材料来复制自我参照效应。

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  • 作者

    Bullington, Joseph Charles.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Psychology Social.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1987
  • 页码 84 p.
  • 总页数 84
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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