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首页> 外文学位 >THE PRETREATMENT AND ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION OF POPLAR WOOD.
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THE PRETREATMENT AND ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION OF POPLAR WOOD.

机译：杨木的预处理和酶促糖化。

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摘要

This study is concerned with the characterization of a process for converting lignocellulosic materials to soluble sugars and a lignin by-product. The sugars from the process are intended for feedstock to an alcohol fermentation process. The lignin may be used for its fuel value or as a polymer feedstock. In this study, the pretreatment of the lignocellulose can be divided into two stages; delignification and swelling. An ammonia/ethanol treatment at 190(DEGREES)C for 2 hours was found to be suitable for delignification. Swelling was best accomplished using sodium hydroxide/ethanol mixtures at 160(DEGREES)C for 30 minutes. The parameters of time, temperature and reactant concentration have not been optimized; however, a method for optimization of the process has been developed.;In the course of these studies, it was found that some of the commonly used analytical procedures were inadequate and needed improvement. A technique for measuring total hexoses (both soluble and insoluble) in the presence of pentoses was developed using chromotropic acid. A technique for measuring total pentoses (both soluble and insoluble) in the presence of hexoses was also developed using orcinol.;Because of the close coupling between pretreatment and saccharification, a model of enzymatic hydrolysis was developed. The values of the parameters in the model reflect the degree of pretreatment. The model also includes the effects of substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and product inhibition by cellobiose and glucose. Using such a model, it is possible to do a cost/benefit analysis of the pretreatment/saccharification process.
机译：该研究涉及将木质纤维素材料转化为可溶性糖和木质素副产物的方法的表征。该过程中的糖旨在用作酒精发酵过程的原料。木质素可用于其燃料价值或用作聚合物原料。在这项研究中，木质纤维素的预处理可以分为两个阶段：去木质和肿胀。发现在190（DEGREES）C下氨/乙醇处理2小时适于脱木素。使用氢氧化钠/乙醇混合物在160（DEGREES）C进行30分钟的溶胀效果最好。时间，温度和反应物浓度的参数尚未优化。然而，已经开发出了一种优化工艺的方法。在这些研究过程中，发现一些常用的分析程序是不足的，需要改进。使用变色酸开发了一种在戊糖存在下测量总己糖（可溶性和不溶性）的技术。还开发了一种使用邻苯二酚测定己糖存在下总戊糖（可溶性和不溶性）的技术。由于预处理和糖化作用之间的紧密联系，因此开发了一种酶促水解模型。模型中参数的值反映了预处理的程度。该模型还包括底物浓度，酶浓度和纤维二糖和葡萄糖对产物抑制的影响。使用这种模型，可以对预处理/糖化过程进行成本/收益分析。

著录项

  • 作者

    HOLTZAPPLE, MARK THOMAS.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Pennsylvania.;

  • 授予单位 University of Pennsylvania.;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1981
  • 页码 489 p.
  • 总页数 489
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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