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首页> 外文学位 >AN INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF PRIMARY MODE OF HUMAN COMMUNICATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX COGNITION.
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AN INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF PRIMARY MODE OF HUMAN COMMUNICATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX COGNITION.

机译：人类交流的主要方式与复杂认知发展的关系研究。

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摘要

The concern of this study was the relationship of primary mode of human communication to the development of complex cognition.;The research sample consisted of two groups of matched subjects. In one group, the primary mode of human communication was oral/aural, and in the other group the primary mode of human communication was gestural/visual. Each of the gestural/visual subjects was congenitally, profoundly, sensori-neurally deaf. The subjects in both groups were aged 14 to 19, inclusive, had normal intelligence, and had no additional handicap. The subject pairs were matched on eight variables in addition to primary mode of human communication: age, sex, ethnic background, number of siblings, birth order, presence of a mother figure in the home, presence of a father figure in the home, and socioeconomic status. Fourteen subject pairs were tested, however, two pairs were excluded from the data analysis because of error in selection of two oral/aural subjects.;Complex cognition was measured through a test of analogical reasoning. The instrument was constructed by the researcher, according to the following criteria: (1) the instrument was composed entirely of analogies (A:B :: C:D); (2) half of the analogies contained words and half contained figures; (3) all words appearing in the analogies were confined to a second grade vocabulary level; and (4) half of the analogies contained paired terms which were similar and half contained paired terms which were dissimilar. Objective scores were obtained by summing the number of correct responses to the test items.;It was hypothesized that (1) the oral/aural subjects would achieve significantly higher overall scores on analogical reasoning: (2) the gestural/visual subjects would successfully complete significantly more Similar analogies than Dissimilar analogies; (3) neither of the subject groups would show a significant difference in performance on Word analogies and Figure analogies; and (4) gestural/visual subjects who had been exposed to a gestural/visual system since birth would not score significantly higher than subjects in the same sample group who had not been exposed to a gestural/visual system since birth. The fourth hypothesis was not tested because none of the subjects in the research sample were children of deaf parents.;The theoretical foundation of this research proposed that the perception of hierarchical levels of contrast has an important role in the development of complex cognition, and that the perception of contrast is best facilitated by the oral/aural mode of human communication.;Each of the three research hypotheses was tested by analyzing the subjects' scores with a t-test for significant difference between the means for correlated samples. Each of the hypotheses was supported. As predicted, the oral/aural subjects demonstrated superior analogical reasoning to that of the gestural/visual subjects, at a p < .005 level of significance. Both subject groups correctly solved significantly more Similar than Dissimilar analogies (p < .005 for both groups), but the oral/aural group correctly solved significantly more Dissimilar analogies than did the gestural/visual groups (p < .01). As predicted, the gestural visual group showed no significant difference in performance on Word vs. Figure analogies; the oral/aural group had a higher success rate on Word analogies than on Figure analogies (p < .01), but still performed significantly better than the gestural/visual on the Figure analogies (p < .05). Each finding thus contributed support to the theoretical position tested in this research.;The research results were discussed in the final chapter. The limitations of the study also were addressed in the last chapter, and suggestions were made for future research.
机译：本研究关注的是人际交流的主要方式与复杂认知发展的关系。研究样本由两组匹配的受试者组成。在一组中，人类交流的主要方式是口语/听觉，在另一组中，人类交流的主要方式是手势/视觉。每个手势/视觉对象都是先天性，深度性，感觉神经性聋。两组受试者的年龄均为14至19岁（含），智力正常，没有其他障碍。除了主要的人际交流方式外，还对八个主题变量进行了配对：年龄，性别，种族背景，兄弟姐妹的数量，出生顺序，家中有母亲形象，家中有父亲形象以及社会经济状况。测试了14对受试者，但是由于选择了两个口腔/听觉受试者时存在错误，因此从数据分析中排除了2对受试者。通过类推推理测试了复杂的认知。该工具是由研究人员根据以下标准构建的：（1）该工具完全由类比（A：B :: C：D）组成； （2）类推的一半包含文字，一半包含数字； （3）类推中出现的所有单词都限于二年级词汇水平； （4）一半的类比包含相似的成对术语，一半包含不相似的成对术语。通过汇总对测试项目的正确答案的数量来获得客观评分。假设（1）口/听对象在类推推理方面将获得更高的总体评分：（2）手势/视觉对象将成功完成相似类比明显多于相似类； （3）这两个主题组在单词类比和图形类比上都没有表现出显着差异； （4）自出生以来就接触过手势/视觉系统的手势/视觉对象的得分不会比自出生以来就没有接触过手势/视觉系统的同一样本组的对象得分高得多。第四个假设未得到检验，因为研究样本中没有一个对象是聋人父母的孩子。该研究的理论基础提出，层次层次的对比感知在复杂认知的发展中具有重要作用，并且口头/听觉的人际交流方式最能促进对对比的理解。三种研究假说中的每一个都通过用t检验分析受试者的得分来检验相关样本的均值之间的显着差异。每个假设都得到支持。正如预测的那样，口腔/听觉对象比手势/视觉对象具有更好的类比推理，其显着性p <.005。与不相似类比相似，两组受试者正确解决的相似性均显着更高（两组均p <.005），但是与手势/视觉组相比，口服/听觉组可以明显更有效地解决相异性（p <.01）。如预期的那样，手势视觉组在Word和Figure类比上的表现没有显着差异；口腔/听觉组在Word类比上的成功率高于在数字类比上（p <.01），但仍然比在数字类比上的手势/视觉上更好（p <.05）。因此，每个发现都为本研究中检验的理论立场提供了支持。;研究结果在最后一章中进行了讨论。上一章还讨论了该研究的局限性，并为以后的研究提出了建议。

著录项

  • 作者

    SHARPE, SUSAN L.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Denver.;

  • 授予单位 University of Denver.;
  • 学科 Speech Communication.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1980
  • 页码 208 p.
  • 总页数 208
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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