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Quantum gates for superconducting qubits.

机译：超导量子位的量子门。

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摘要

Josephson junction-based devices offer the potential to process information with the electromagnetic modes of an engineered quantum circuit. Doing so requires the subtle application of control signals to induce arbitrary transformations of the associated Hilbert space---or quantum gates---without causing the system to decohere. But there are strict constraints on the dynamical control we can exert over the circuit Hamiltonian, and given a practical set of controls, it is in general difficult to extract a particular desired transformation. Of the possible strategies to address this quantum gate problem, those requiring the fewest control parameters, the least relative control bandwidth, and the minimal number of non-linear circuit elements are particularly interesting, as they would reduce experimental complexity and minimize unwanted interactions with degrees of freedom in the environment.;We show how microwave signals and fixed weak linear coupling elements can be used to effectively switch on and off an interaction and tune its strength and direction in the on state, and we derive specific irradiation protocols that use these interactions to implement universal two-qubit gates.;These results emerge from Fourier analysis of the circuit Hamiltonian in a particular multiply-rotating reference frame. We develop and formalize this approach, then apply it to two- and three-qubit systems. In the two-qubit case, the theory succinctly reproduces many earlier results, and reveals new methods of entangling pairs of superconducting quantum bits. For example, a static weak linear coupling reactance can give rise to an effective interaction that turns on linearly with the drive amplitude when one qubit is simply irradiated at the transition frequency of the other. In the three-qubit case, it describes how a very weak off-diagonal three-body coupling Hamiltonian can be exploited to controllably and directly produce pure tripartite entanglement, even when the qubits are far detuned from one another.;We describe efforts to experimentally observe some of these effects in two-qubit systems. The results provide preliminary evidence for the microwave-tuned interaction of qubits with fixed linear couplings.
机译：基于约瑟夫逊结的设备具有利用工程量子电路的电磁模式处理信息的潜力。这样做需要微妙地施加控制信号，以引起相关的希尔伯特空间-或量子门-的任意变换，而又不会引起系统的分解。但是，对于我们可以在电路哈密顿量上施加的动态控制有严格的限制，并且如果有一组实用的控制，通常很难提取特定的所需变换。在解决该量子门问题的可能策略中，那些需要最少控制参数，最少相对控制带宽以及最少数量的非线性电路元件的策略尤其令人感兴趣，因为它们将降低实验复杂性并最大程度地减少不必要的相互作用。我们展示了如何使用微波信号和固定的弱线性耦合元件有效地开启和关闭相互作用，并在开启状态下调整其强度和方向，并得出了使用这些相互作用的特定辐照协议这些结果来自于特定的多重旋转参考系中电路哈密顿量的傅立叶分析。我们开发并正式化了这种方法，然后将其应用于两个和三个量子位的系统。在二量子位的情况下，该理论简洁地重现了许多早期的结果，并揭示了纠缠超导量子位对的新方法。例如，当一个量子比特以另一个的跃迁频率简单地辐射时，静态的弱线性耦合电抗会引起有效的相互作用，该相互作用随驱动幅度线性开启。在三量子位的情况下，它描述了如何利用非常弱的非对角三体耦合哈密顿量，即使当量子位彼此失谐时，也可以可控地直接产生纯的三方纠缠。在两比特系统中观察其中的一些影响。该结果为微波与固定线性耦合的量子比特相互作用提供了初步证据。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rigetti, Chad Tyler.;

  • 作者单位

    Yale University.;

  • 授予单位 Yale University.;
  • 学科 Physics Condensed Matter.;Physics Theory.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 229 p.
  • 总页数 229
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 O49;
  • 关键词

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