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Do humans drive spinal cord with limb velocity signal?

机译：人类会以肢体速度信号驱动脊髓吗？

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摘要

The ability to move in the environment is crucial to the survival of all animals. Neural pathways that control locomotion can be described as a hierarchy, with multiple levels of control, and those ultimately converge on spinal pattern generators. Neural pathways controlling locomotion are hierarchical, highly integrated, and well characterized anatomically, but functional explanations are lacking. Previous computational modeling of the CPG has proposed that they essential signal driving these spinal networks are expressed in the modality of desired velocity. To date, no published research has empirically tested velocity as being the control signal of locomotion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate human ability to discriminate inter-limb velocity on a split-belt treadmill. If the modality of locomotor control signal is indeed velocity then, according to the classical control theory, limb velocity should also be accurately sensed. We tested this hypothesis by probing human ability to detect minute changes in the velocity of each leg. Healthy volunteers with no previous history of neurological conditions or serious musculoskeletal damage to the lower extremities were recruited to walk on a split-belt treadmill with separately controlled belt speeds. Subjects were exposed to randomized asymmetric speeds of left and right legs for approximately 3 steps. A high-pitch cue instructed subjects to report the fastest leg. In addition, we tested velocity discrimination skills in two other conditions when subjects were either supported or loaded by 10% of their body weight. The perception threshold defined as the velocity detected with better than chance probability (above 50%) was 1.02+/-0.43% m/s, with no significant differences between body weight conditions. Variance of step cycle was found to significantly impact probability detection at the differential speed of 0.01 m/s, which is equivalent to the 1% detection level. The accurate velocity discrimination ability supports the idea that the velocity signal is represented within the locomotor control pathways. We propose that errors in this velocity signal are ultimately used to tune heading direction. Solving for the signal controlling locomotion has positive clinical implications, as it could be used in therapies such as locomotor rehabilitation following neurological injury.
机译：在环境中移动的能力对于所有动物的生存至关重要。可以将控制运动的神经通路描述为具有多个控制级别的层次结构，并且这些神经通路最终会融合在脊柱模式生成器上。控制运动的神经通路是分层的，高度集成的，并且在解剖学上具有良好的特征，但是缺乏功能上的解释。 CPG的先前计算模型已经提出，它们驱动这些脊髓网络的基本信号以所需速度的形式表示。迄今为止，尚无已发表的研究经验性地将速度作为运动的控制信号进行测试。这项研究的目的是评估人类区分皮带式跑步机上肢间速度的能力。如果运动控制信号的模态确实是速度，则根据经典控制理论，还应该准确地感测肢体速度。我们通过探查人类检测每条腿速度的微小变化的能力来检验这一假设。健康志愿者没有神经系统疾病的病史，也没有下肢肌肉骨骼严重受损的历史，被招募到在分开皮带速度控制的皮带式跑步机上行走。使受试者暴露于左腿和右腿的随机不对称速度中约3个步骤。高音提示指示受试者报告最快的腿。此外，当受试者被其体重的10％支撑或负重时，我们在其他两种情况下测试了速度分辨能力。感知阈值定义为检测到的速度好于机会概率（高于50％）为1.02 +/- 0.43％m / s，体重状况之间无显着差异。发现步进周期的变化会在0.01 m / s的差分速度下显着影响概率检测，这相当于1％的检测水平。准确的速度判别能力支持在运动控制路径中表示速度信号的想法。我们建议该速度信号中的误差最终用于调整航向。解决控制运动的信号具有积极的临床意义，因为它可用于神经损伤后的运动康复等治疗。

著录项

  • 作者

    Galbreath, Kyla.;

  • 作者单位

    West Virginia University.;

  • 授予单位 West Virginia University.;
  • 学科 Neurosciences.;Physiology.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 69 p.
  • 总页数 69
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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