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首页> 外文学位 >Chromosome 9 in tomato: Identification, characterization, and transcriptomics of QTL associated with water stress tolerance traits
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Chromosome 9 in tomato: Identification, characterization, and transcriptomics of QTL associated with water stress tolerance traits

机译：番茄中的9号染色体：与水分胁迫耐性相关的QTL的鉴定，表征和转录​​组学

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摘要

Cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is susceptible to abiotic stresses, including water and temperature stress. In contrast, wild tomato (Solanum habrochaites) exhibits tolerance to several abiotic stresses, including drought and chilling. Root chilling (to 6°C) induces rapid-onset water stress by impeding water movement from roots to shoots. S. habrochaites responds to root chilling by closing stomata and maintaining shoot turgor, while cultivated tomato (S. lycopersicum) fails to close stomata and wilts. Root-to-shoot signaling is involved in this response. It was determined previously that this trait (shoot turgor maintenance under root chilling) is controlled by a 2.7 cM major QTL (designated stm9) on chromosome 9 from S. habrochaites..;In chapter one, recombinant sub-near-isogenic lines (sub-NILs) for chromosome 9 were marker-selected, and 18 sub-NILs that contained unique introgressions were phenotyped for shoot turgor maintenance under root chilling in two sets of replicated experiments (Fall and Spring). The trait data was used to localize stm9 to a 0.32 cM region. A single QTL was detected that was coincident for both the Spring and Fall datasets, suggesting that the gene or genes contributing to shoot turgor maintenance under root chilling reside within the marker interval H9 - T1673. In the S. lycopersicum reference genome sequence, this chromosome 9 region is gene-rich and contains representatives of gene families that have been associated with abiotic stress tolerance.;In chapter two, deficit irrigation was used in the field to impose slow-onset water stress to the same set of 18 sub-NILs in experiments conducted for two years. Trait data were analyzed with principle component analysis and multiple analysis of variance to investigate the underlying relationships among proxy traits for water-use efficiency (WUE) including carbon isotope discrimination (Delta13C) and specific leaf area (SLA) with horticultural traits including maturity and yield. While many trait QTL were coincident or overlapping, our results suggested that the genes controlling QTL for Delta 13C and SLA in this chromosome 9 region are distinct from each other and from genes controlling maturity and yield. The majority of phenotypic variation among the sub-NILs was accounted for by Delta13C and SLA, with minor contributions from the horticultural traits. This region of chromosome 9 contains potentially valuable wild alleles for breeding cultivated tomatoes with improved WUE while selecting for yield maintenance.;In chapter three, the effect of the S. habrochaites introgressed chromosome 9 region on transcriptional regulation in response to root chilling was investigated. RNA from roots of a set of paired near-isogenic-lines (NILs) differing only for the presence or absence of a S. habrochaites introgression containing stm9 in an otherwise S. lycopersicum background was obtained at five time points during exposure to root chilling. The samples were subjected to mRNA-Seq analysis, and differential expression analysis and hierarchical clustering of transcript levels were used to determine changes in and patterns of mRNA levels. Transcriptional regulation in response to root chilling was more specific in chilling-tolerant NIL175, yet more complex in susceptible NIL163. De novo transcription of stress-response genes was not involved in transcriptional regulation in either NIL. Gene ontology analysis indicated that serine/threonine kinase activity likely has an important role in root chilling response in tolerant NIL175.
机译：栽培番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）易受非生物胁迫的影响，包括水分和温度胁迫。相反，野生番茄（茄子茄属植物）对几种非生物胁迫表现出耐受性，包括干旱和寒冷。根冷（达到6°C）会阻止水分从根部移动到嫩芽，从而引起快速发作的水分胁迫。 S. habrochaites通过关闭气孔并保持枝条膨大来响应根部寒冷，而栽培番茄（S. lycopersicum）无法关闭气孔和枯萎。从根到发信号涉及此响应。先前已确定，该性状（在根冷条件下保持膨大期保持性状）是由盐生沙门氏菌（S. habrochaites）第9号染色体上的一个2.7 cM主要QTL（指定为stm9）控制的；在第一章中，重组近等基因亚系（亚对9号染色体的-NILs进行了标记选择，并在两组重复的实验中（秋季和春季），对18种含有独特基因渗入的亚NILs进行了表型分析，以在根冷条件下维持枝条膨大。性状数据用于将stm9定位到0.32 cM区域。检测到与春季和秋季数据集一致的单个QTL，这表明一个或多个有助于根冷条件下维持枝条膨大的基因位于标记区间H9-T1673之内。在番茄链球菌参考基因组序列中，该9号染色体区域富含基因，并包含与非生物胁迫耐受性相关的基因家族的代表。第二章，在田间使用亏缺灌溉施以缓慢起效的水进行了两年的实验，对同一组18个子NIL施加压力。利用主成分分析和方差多重分析对性状数据进行分析，以研究包括碳同位素歧视（Delta13C）和园艺性状（包括成熟度和产量）在内的水分利用效率（WUE）的代用性状（WUE）与特定叶面积（SLA）之间的潜在关系。 。虽然许多性状QTL一致或重叠，但我们的结果表明，控制9号染色体Delta 13C和SLA的QTL的基因彼此不同，也与控制成熟度和产量的基因不同。亚NIL之间的大多数表型变异是由Delta13C和SLA引起的，而园艺性状的贡献很小。 9号染色体的这一区域含有潜在的有价值的野生等位基因，可用于在改良WUE的同时选择保持产量的方式来培育栽培番茄。第三章，研究了沙门氏菌渗入9号染色体区域对根系低温响应转录调控的影响。来自一组成对的近等基因系（NIL）根的RNA仅在暴露于根冷过程中的五个时间点不同，该RNA仅因存在或不存在含有Stem lycopersicum的S. hacochaicum渗入的含S. habrochaites渗入而不同。对样品进行mRNA-Seq分析，并使用差异表达分析和转录水平的层次聚类确定mRNA水平的变化和模式。在耐寒的NIL175中，响应于根冷的转录调控更为特异性，而在易感的NIL163中，转录调控更为复杂。在这两个NIL中，应激反应基因的从头转录均不参与转录调控。基因本体分析表明，丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性可能在耐性NIL175的根冷反应中起重要作用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Arms, Erin Michelle.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Genetics.;Plant sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 127 p.
  • 总页数 127
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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