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首页> 外文学位 >Secondary Traumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Growth: Risk and Protective Factors among American Red Cross Disaster Responders and Disaster Mental Health Workers.
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Secondary Traumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Growth: Risk and Protective Factors among American Red Cross Disaster Responders and Disaster Mental Health Workers.

机译：继发性创伤压力和创伤后增长：美国红十字会灾难应对人员和灾难心理卫生工作者的风险和保护因素。

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摘要

The impact of natural and human-caused disasters can be devastating. Not only is there a loss of life and financial resources, but there is a psychological toll as well. Survivors of disasters are not the only ones who experience psychological consequences from the disasters. Disaster relief workers are impacted psychologically as well. Secondary traumatic stress and posttraumatic growth describe the negative and positive impacts of vicarious exposure to traumatic events, respectively. This study examined risk and protective factors in disaster relief workers for secondary traumatic stress and posttraumatic growth. Participants (N = 92) were recruited from the American Red Cross and included those who have responded to a national disaster within the past five years. Participants completed an online survey that was comprised of several measures including a demographics questionnaire; Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS; Bride, Robinson, Yegidis, & Figley, 2004); Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 (ProQOL-5; Stamm, 2009); Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI; Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985); Flourishing Scale (FS; Diener et al., 2010); Self-Care Assessment, and one qualitative question. Multiple regression analyses were conducted with each of the standardized measures to determine predictors of secondary traumatic stress and posttraumatic growth. Comparisons between disaster responders and disaster mental health responders were examined using t-tests. The qualitative question was analyzed using a modified consensual qualitative research approach (CQR; Hill, Thompson, & Williams, 1997) to create domains, categories, and sub-categories. Risk factors for secondary traumatic stress and burnout include those whose disaster response was 7-12 months ago, being a young adult, being single, and having a master's degree. Protective factors that decrease the risk of secondary traumatic stress in disaster relief workers include those who work with trauma survivors outside of their volunteer work, those who are unemployed, and those who always or sometimes engage in self-care. Factors that contribute to posttraumatic growth include working part time, being involved in a greater number of disaster responses in the past five years, and having greater than 13 months of time since the last disaster response. Factors that decrease the likelihood of developing posttraumatic growth include being a middle-aged adult, having a professional or doctoral degree, and having some college. When examining the differences between disaster responders and disaster mental health workers, the only significant difference in secondary traumatic stress symptoms was in intrusion symptoms, with disaster responders reporting more intrusion symptoms than disaster mental health responders. There were no significant differences between the two groups in posttraumatic growth. The results of the study indicated that the majority of participants do not experience significant symptoms of secondary traumatic stress; however, many experience at least some symptoms, and in some cases, almost 25% reported difficulties with secondary traumatic stress symptoms and/or burnout. This is a significant number of relief workers, and it is apparent that disaster relief organizations need to be prepared to assess for risks, as well as provide support to those who struggle.
机译：自然和人为灾难的影响可能是灾难性的。不仅会造成生命和财力的损失，而且还会造成心理上的损失。灾难的幸存者并不是唯一遭受灾难心理影响的人。救灾工作者的心理也会受到影响。继发性创伤压力和创伤后生长分别描述了替代性暴露于创伤事件的负面影响和正面影响。这项研究调查了救灾人员继发性外伤压力和创伤后生长的风险和保护因素。参与者（N = 92）是从美国红十字会招募的，其中包括在过去五年中对国家灾难做出反应的人。参加者完成了一项在线调查，其中包括多项指标，包括人口统计调查表；次要创伤压力量表（STSS；新娘，鲁滨逊，叶吉迪斯和菲格利，2004年）；专业生活质量量表第5版（ProQOL-5； Stamm，2009年）；创伤后增长量表（PTGI； Tedeschi＆Calhoun，1996）；对生活量表的满意度（SWLS； Diener，Emmons，Larsen和Griffin，1985年）；蓬勃发展规模（FS; Diener等，2010）;自我护理评估和一个定性问题。使用每种标准化方法进行了多元回归分析，以确定继发性创伤压力和创伤后生长的预测指标。使用t检验检验了灾难响应者与灾难心理健康响应者之间的比较。使用改良的共识定性研究方法（CQR； Hill，Thompson和Williams，1997）分析定性问题，以创建域，类别和子类别。继发性创伤压力和倦怠的风险因素包括那些灾难响应在7-12个月前，年轻，单身并拥有硕士学位的人。减少救灾人员继发性创伤压力的风险的保护性因素包括那些与志愿人员以外的创伤幸存者一起工作的人，失业的人以及总是或有时从事自我保健的人。导致创伤后增长的因素包括：从事兼职工作，在过去五年中参与了更多的灾难应对，以及自上次灾难应对以来已超过13个月的时间。降低创伤后发展的可能性的因素包括中年成人，具有专业或博士学位，以及拥有一些大学。当检查灾难响应者与灾难心理健康工作者之间的差异时，继发性创伤应激症状的唯一显着差异是入侵症状，与灾难心理健康响应者相比，灾难响应者报告的入侵症状更多。两组在创伤后生长方面无显着差异。研究结果表明，大多数参与者没有出现继发性创伤应激的明显症状。然而，许多人至少经历了一些症状，在某些情况下，近25％的人报告说有继发性创伤应激症状和/或倦怠的困难。这是大量的救援人员，显然，救灾组织需要做好评估风险的准备，并为那些苦苦挣扎的人提供支持。

著录项

  • 作者

    Beckmann, Sarah A.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Minnesota.;

  • 授予单位 University of Minnesota.;
  • 学科 Occupational psychology.;Clinical psychology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 258 p.
  • 总页数 258
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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