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Matched, Somewhat-Matched or Mismatched? Predictors of Degree-Job Match among STEM Graduates.

机译：匹配，有点匹配或不匹配？ STEM毕业生之间的学位-工作匹配预测器。

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摘要

The current third-generation globalization caused structural, organizational and functional changes in the STEM workforce along with changes in human capital flow. The new globalization shift produced new world order causing the STEM workforce to adopt new frameworks, new skills, and new policy approaches to maintain economic strength and achieve growth and prosperity. Available data indicate that the U.S. secondary and postsecondary education system prepares and produce more than an adequate number of STEM graduates. The perceived crisis in the number of U.S. STEM graduates was not confirmed by any data or policy report. Thus, attention should not be caught simply by the quantity of graduates, but rather on the quality and level of competitiveness. The federal government, along with private organizations, allocates substantial fiscal aid and resources to the STEM education system. However, concerns over the quality and competence of STEM graduates, and the U.S. position in the global market continue to grow as STEM graduates increasingly work in non-STEM occupations (degree-job mismatch).;Degree-job match in this study refers to the match between degree field, or degree knowledge and skills, to the job. The impact of mismatching degree, or degree knowledge and skills, to jobs, is substantial resulting in lower wages, low job satisfaction and productivity, loss of unused skills, higher turnover, feelings of loss in educational return on investments, loss of return on human capital investment, and an inadequate labor force for workforce' expansion and growth. The current research in the area focused substantially on the consequences of the mismatch with little to no attention to the causes of the mismatch. Using a sample of 1864 participants taken from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES): the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS: 2002), this study looked at predictors to degree-job match among recent bachelor degree STEM graduates. The study used the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) as a foundation for its Degree-Job Match Model. Results show that cognitive abilities and career-related experiences during college are by far the most influential predictors of the match between degree and job. The adequacy of the degree-job match was found as well to be influenced by discriminatory factors; race and socioeconomic status. This study also documented that mismatched workers suffer from nearly 33% wage penalty as compared to their adequately matched peers. This study contributes substantially to the existing line of literature concerned about career choice and college major choice.
机译：当前的第三代全球化导致STEM劳动力的结构，组织和功能方面的变化以及人力资本流动的变化。新的全球化转变产生了新的世界秩序，导致STEM员工采用新的框架，新的技能和新的政策方法来维持经济实力并实现增长和繁荣。现有数据表明，美国的中学和中学后教育系统准备并培养出足够数量的STEM毕业生。任何数据或政策报告都没有证实美国STEM毕业生人数的危机。因此，注意力不应该仅仅因为毕业生的数量而引起，而应该关注竞争力的质量和水平。联邦政府与私人组织一起为STEM教育系统分配了大量的财政援助和资源。但是，随着STEM毕业生越来越多地从事非STEM职业（学位-职位不匹配），人们对STEM毕业生的素质和能力以及美国在全球市场中的地位的关注继续增长。学位领域或学位知识和技能与工作之间的匹配。学位或学位知识和技能的不匹配对工作的影响很大，从而导致工资降低，工作满意度和生产率降低，未使用的技能丧失，营业额增加，教育投资回报率下降，人员回报率下降的感觉资本投资，以及劳动力不足以促进劳动力的扩张和增长。目前在该领域的研究主要集中在不匹配的后果上，很少或根本不注意不匹配的原因。使用从国家教育统计中心（NCES）的1864名参与者的样本：2002年教育纵向研究（ELS：2002年），该研究调查了最近的本科STEM毕业生中学位与职位匹配的预测因素。该研究使用社会认知职业理论（SCCT）作为其学位-工作匹配模型的基础。结果表明，到目前为止，大学期间的认知能力和与职业相关的经验是学位和工作之间的匹配最有影响力的预测因素。发现学位与工作匹配的充分性也受歧视因素的影响；种族和社会经济地位。这项研究还证明，与不完全匹配的工人相比，不匹配的工人将遭受近33％的工资罚款。这项研究对有关职业选择和大学专业选择的现有文献做出了重大贡献。

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  • 作者

    Alhaddab, Taghreed Ahmed.;

  • 作者单位

    Seton Hall University.;

  • 授予单位 Seton Hall University.;
  • 学科 Higher education.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 153 p.
  • 总页数 153
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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