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首页> 外文学位 >The relationship between autophagy, cell survival and cell death in a model of neurodegeneration and development.
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The relationship between autophagy, cell survival and cell death in a model of neurodegeneration and development.

机译：在神经变性和发育模型中自噬，细胞存活和细胞死亡之间的关系。

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摘要

The catabolic degradation of proteins is vital for the proper function and homeostasis of all cells. Autophagy is one of the major catabolic systems, and it is involved in processes that are as diverse as cell survival, cell death, immune reaction, cancer and neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative diseases often have the pathology of protein accumulation in inclusions, but it is unclear whether these inclusions cause cell toxicity. Here I show that autophagy has protective functions in a model of a polyglutamine neurodegenerative disease in Drosophila. Inhibition of autophagy in this model enhances polyglutmine-induced degeneration, while activation of autophagy suppresses degeneration. Moreover, I observed similar protein aggregates in the larval salivary glands of a Drosophila dynein light chain mutant. This dynein light chain mutant is defective in autophagy, and their salivary glands fail to execute developmentally regulated programmed cell death. Ectopic activation of autophagy is sufficient to suppress the protein accumulation in dynein light chain mutant salivary glands. Both neurons and salivary glands are long-lived post-mitotic cells, and these cells are likely to have unique catabolic needs. Our data indicate that defects in catabolism are responsible for the neurodegenerative and salivary gland cell death defects that I observed, and could explain the association of autophagy with neurodegenerative diseases.
机译：蛋白质的分解代谢降解对于所有细胞的正常功能和体内平衡至关重要。自噬是主要的分解代谢系统之一，它参与各种过程，例如细胞存活，细胞死亡，免疫反应，癌症和神经变性。神经退行性疾病通常具有包裹体中蛋白质积累的病理学，但尚不清楚这些包裹体是否引起细胞毒性。在这里，我证明了自噬在果蝇的多谷氨酰胺神经退行性疾病模型中具有保护功能。在此模型中，自噬的抑制作用增强了多谷氨酸诱导的变性，而自噬的激活抑制了变性。此外，我在果蝇达因轻链突变体的幼虫唾液腺中观察到类似的蛋白质聚集体。该达因轻链突变体在自噬方面存在缺陷，其唾液腺无法执行发育调控的程序性细胞死亡。自噬的异位激活足以抑制动力蛋白轻链突变唾液腺中的蛋白质积累。神经元和唾液腺都是有丝分裂后的长寿细胞，这些细胞可能具有独特的分解代谢需求。我们的数据表明，分解代谢的缺陷是我观察到的神经变性和唾液腺细胞死亡缺陷的原因，并且可以解释自噬与神经变性疾病的关系。

著录项

  • 作者

    Batlevi, Yakup.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Maryland, College Park.;

  • 授予单位 University of Maryland, College Park.;
  • 学科 Biology Molecular.Biology Cell.Biology Neuroscience.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 116 p.
  • 总页数 116
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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