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Effects of flow on reactive oxygen species production in brain versus aortic endothelial cells: The source of ROS generation

机译：血流对大脑和主动脉内皮细胞中活性氧物质产生的影响：ROS产生的来源

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摘要

Endothelial cells are a vital region in the pathophysiology of the vasculature because it is the interface between blood flow and the vessel. One way that the structure of the vessels wall can change is by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which has been correlated to aneurysm formation. Four main ROS sources in endothelial cells are: NADPH oxidase, mitochondria electron transport chain, eNOS uncoupling, and xanthine oxidase. Endothelial cells are an essential component of vasculature that has distinct functions and morphology. The aorta and brain arteries are highly populated by endothelial cells but the morphology and cellular signaling has been shown to be different. This study focuses on the difference between brain and aorta ROS production and how flow affects ROS. Joeseph Moran-Guiati and Jason Kushner provided the brain and aortic endothelial cultures for these studies. NADPH oxidase complex is the main contributor in both cell types but more in brain. Surprisingly, both cell types contain approximately the same number of NOX subunits, suggesting that the difference in ROS production is dependent on how activated these subunits are. Mitochondrial ROS was only significantly generated in brain cells and is verified because brain endothelium contains higher numbers of mitochondria. Both uncoupling of eNOS and xanthine oxidase did not contribute to ROS generation in static cultures. ROS production increased even further in both cell types when cells were exposed to flow and even higher in brain, suggesting that flow effects ROS generation. These results provide useful information in the difference between ROS generation and how it can be harmful in possibly causing intracranial aneurysm formation.
机译：内皮细胞是脉管系统病理生理中的重要区域，因为它是血流与血管之间的界面。可以改变血管壁结构的一种方法是通过活性氧（ROS）的积累，这与动脉瘤的形成有关。内皮细胞中的四种主要ROS来源是：NADPH氧化酶，线粒体电子传输链，eNOS解偶联和黄嘌呤氧化酶。内皮细胞是脉管系统的重要组成部分，具有独特的功能和形态。内皮细胞高度填充了主动脉和脑动脉，但是形态和细胞信号已被证明是不同的。这项研究的重点是大脑和主动脉ROS产生之间的差异以及血流如何影响ROS。 Joeseph Moran-Guiati和Jason Kushner为这些研究提供了大脑和主动脉内皮培养物。 NADPH氧化酶复合物是两种细胞的主要贡献者，但在大脑中则更多。出乎意料的是，两种细胞类型都包含大约相同数量的NOX亚基，这表明ROS产生的差异取决于这些亚基的活化程度。线粒体ROS仅在脑细胞中大量生成，并且已被验证，因为脑内皮中的线粒体数量更高。 eNOS和黄嘌呤氧化酶的解偶联对静态培养物中的ROS生成均无贡献。当两种细胞暴露于血流中时，ROS的产生在两种细胞类型中都进一步增加，而在大脑中甚至更高，这表明血流会影响ROS的产生。这些结果提供了有用的信息，以了解ROS的产生及其可能造成颅内动脉瘤形成的危害。

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  • 作者

    Pond, Bethany Leigh.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Buffalo.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Buffalo.;
  • 学科 Cellular biology.;Physiology.
  • 学位 M.A.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 57 p.
  • 总页数 57
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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