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Effects of domestic market power on implications of reduced trade barriers: Application to Korean dairy.

机译：国内市场力量对减少贸易壁垒的影响：应用于韩国乳业。

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摘要

This dissertation analyzes the impacts of imperfect competition in domestic market on the consequences of trade policy changes, focusing especially on the Korean dairy industry. Imperfect competition refers to the oligopoly power by milk marketers in the domestic fluid-milk and processed-milk markets, and the exercise of political influence by raw-milk producers in the domestic raw-milk market. This dissertation mainly focuses on simulating the impacts of tariff cuts under different assumptions about domestic market structure. Market share and price data show that there is reasonable potential of market power in the Korean dairy industry. Therefore, it is worthwhile to explore the potential consequences of imperfect competition on the impacts of trade liberalization.;This dissertation develops an equilibrium displacement trade model for dairy products that incorporates imperfect competition in the domestic market. I simulate the impacts of potential tariff cuts, for example, caused by the Korea and U.S. Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA), under alternative assumptions about domestic market structure.;Results of the simulations show that the consequences of trade policy changes for the domestic dairy market differ depending on the market structure of the domestic market, but practical differences are relatively small in the Korean case mainly because of domestic raw-milk pricing rules. Further opening of the processed-milk market increases the welfare of domestic consumers. The welfare impact on domestic marketers does depend importantly on the market structure. When marketers exert oligopoly power in the processed-milk market their gain in welfare from a tariff cuts is larger. When marketers exert oligopoly power in the fluid-milk market they lose from a tariff cuts for imported processed products. The welfare of domestic producers is almost unaffected by tariff cuts under both perfect competition and imperfect competition because the political influence of farmers causes an increase in the raw-milk price when dairy trade is opened.
机译：本文分析了国内市场不完全竞争对贸易政策变化后果的影响，特别是韩国乳制品行业。不完全竞争是指奶商在国内流动奶和加工奶市场中的寡头垄断能力，以及生奶生产商在国内生奶市场中施加的政治影响力。本文主要针对在不同的国内市场结构假设下模拟关税削减的影响。市场份额和价格数据表明，韩国乳制品行业具有一定的市场潜力。因此，有必要探讨不完全竞争对贸易自由化影响的潜在后果。本论文建立了一种兼​​顾国内市场不完全竞争的乳制品均衡替代贸易模型。我在对国内市场结构的其他假设下模拟了韩国和美国自由贸易协定（KORUS FTA）可能导致的关税削减的影响。模拟结果表明，贸易政策变化对国内的影响乳制品市场因国内市场的市场结构而异，但在韩国情况下，实际差异相对较小，这主要是由于国内原奶定价规则所致。加工牛奶市场的进一步开放增加了国内消费者的福利。对国内商人的福利影响确实很大程度上取决于市场结构。当营销商在加工牛奶市场上行使寡头垄断权力时，他们通过削减关税获得的福利收益就更大。当营销商在流动牛奶市场上行使寡头垄断权力时，他们会因削减进口加工产品的关税而蒙受损失。完全竞争和不完全竞争下的关税削减几乎不会影响国内生产者的福利，因为农民的政治影响导致乳制品贸易开放时原奶价格上涨。

著录项

  • 作者

    Jeon, Sang Gon.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Economics Agricultural.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 110 p.
  • 总页数 110
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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