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首页> 外文学位 >Vitamin A effects on antibody responses to bovine coronavirus and rotavirus vaccines in feedlot calves.
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Vitamin A effects on antibody responses to bovine coronavirus and rotavirus vaccines in feedlot calves.

机译：维生素A对育肥牛犊牛对冠状病毒和轮状病毒疫苗的抗体反应的影响。

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摘要

To understand the impact of vitamin A status in cattle on their immune responses, we investigated antibody (Ab) responses in feedlot calves naturally infected with BCoV as well as intramuscularly vaccinated with a commercial inactivated BCoV and BRV vaccine. These calves were fed either high or low dietary vitamin A, based on greater than or less than the 2200 international units (IU) Vitamin A/kg of dietary dry matter (DM), respectively as recommended by the National Research Council. Angus steers (n=40, average 199 days old) were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received low dietary vitamin A (LVA group; 1100 IU/kg of dietary DM, n=20) to simulate low levels in the vitamin A restricted feedlot calves and the other group received high dietary vitamin A (HVA group; 3300 IU/kg of dietary DM, n=20). Supplemental vitamin A was fed at post-arrival day (PAD) 0, then daily throughout the 140 day study period (PAD 140).;At PAD 0, the calves in both LVA and HVA groups showed statistically similar background levels of BCoV shedding and serum BCoV Ab. Therefore, no sub-categorical analysis was required. Twenty calves (50% of total calves) shed BCoV either in feces or nasally at least once shortly after arrival (at PAD 0 and 4). The prevalence of BCoV shedding increased from 21.05% at PAD 0 to 41.03% at PAD 4, but with no BCoV shedding detected thereafter (at PAD 35, 112 and 140). Before the decreased vitamin A levels in serum occurred (at PAD 0, 4 and 35), we investigated the isotype Ab responses induced at PAD 35 by natural BCoV infection at PAD 0 and 4. The BCoV fecal shedding was negatively associated with pre-existing serum IgA BCoV Ab titers at PAD 4.;After vitamin A decreased in serum (by PAD 112), we investigated BCoV and BRV Abs induced at PAD 112 and 140 by the inactivated BCoV/BRV vaccine given at PAD 112 and 126. Serum IgG1 BCoV Ab titers and the ratios of IgG1 to IgG2 Abs in the HVA group were significantly higher at PAD 140 than at PAD 112 (p 0.005), whereas those in the LVA group did not differ significantly. At PAD 140, serum IgG1 BCoV Ab titers and the ratios of IgG1 to IgG2 Abs were significantly higher in the HVA than in the LVA group (p 0.05). Calves naturally infected with BCoV in the LVA group (n=11) were compared to assess the impact of BCoV infection and BCoV vaccination on Ab responses before the decreased vitamin A (at PAD 0 and 35) and after the decreased vitamin A (at PAD 112 and 140) in serum. The calves naturally infected with BCoV had predominantly serum IgG1 BCoV Ab at PAD 35 (p 0.05). However, the calves previously recovered from natural BCoV infection had a compromised serum IgG1 BCoV Ab response to an inactivated BCoV vaccine at PAD 140.;In contrast, there was no vitamin A effect on serum BRV Ab responses to the inactivated BCoV/BRV vaccine. All serum isotype BRV Ab titers were significantly higher at PAD 140 than at PAD 112, regardless of vitamin A dietary status. In addition, no statistically significant differences were observed between the HVA and LVA group at both PADs. In the LVA group, Ab responses to the inactivated BRV and BCoV differed since serum IgG1 antibody responses to the inactivated BCoV vaccine were compromised, whereas those to the inactivated BRV vaccine were significantly increased at PAD 140 compared with PAD 112.;To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the impacts of micronutrients, i.e., vitamin A on Ab responses to a BCoV and BRV vaccine in feedlot calves. The vitamin A status in feedlot calves had a significant effect on Ab responses to an inactivated BCoV vaccine. Serum IgG1 BCoV Abs were induced predominantly under the high vitamin A dietary regimen, whereas they were compromised under the low vitamin A dietary regimen, suggesting that the low vitamin A diet suppresses the Th2 associated Ab (IgG1) responses. However, the vitamin A dietary regimens did not affect Ab responses to inactivated BRV vaccine. This study suggests that vitamin A effects on antibody responses may be vaccine antigen-dependent. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：为了了解牛中维生素A状态对其免疫应答的影响，我们调查了自然感染BCoV以及肉牛接种商业灭活的BCoV和BRV疫苗的育肥牛犊中的抗体（Ab）反应。根据美国国家研究委员会的建议，分别以大于或小于2200国际单位（IU）的维生素A / kg饮食干物质（DM）为基础，向这些犊牛饲喂高或低饮食中的维生素A。将安格斯ste牛（n = 40，平均199天大）随机分为两组。一组接受低饮食维生素A（LVA组； 1100 IU / kg饮食DM，n = 20）以模拟受维生素A限制的育肥牛犊中的低水平，另一组接受高饮食维生素A（HVA组； 3300 IU /公斤膳食DM，n = 20）。在到达后的第0天（PAD），然后在整个140天的研究期间（PAD 140），每天补充维生素A；在第0天，LVA和HVA组的犊牛均表现出统计学上相似的BCoV脱落背景水平，血清BCoV抗体因此，不需要亚类分析。到达后不久（在PAD 0和4），至少有二十只小牛（占总小牛的50％）在粪便或鼻中脱落了一次BCoV。 BCoV脱落的发生率从PAD 0的21.05％增加到PAD 4的41.03％，但此后未检测到BCoV脱落（在PAD 35、112和140）。在血清维生素A水平降低之前（在PAD 0、4和35处），我们调查了在PAD 0和4处自然BCoV感染在PAD 35上诱导的同种型Ab反应。BCoV粪便脱落与预先存在的负相关血清IgA BCoV Ab滴度在PAD 4 。；血清中维生素A减少（通过PAD 112）后，我们研究了在PAD 112和126处给予灭活的BCoV / BRV疫苗在PAD 112和140诱导的BCoV和BRV Abs。血清IgG1 HVA组的BCoV Ab滴度和IgG1与IgG2 Abs的比率在PAD 140上显着高于PAD 112（p <0.005），而在LVA组则没有显着差异。在PAD 140处，HVA中的血清IgG1 BCoV Ab滴度和IgG1与IgG2 Abs的比率显着高于LVA组（p <0.05）。比较了LVA组（n = 11）中自然感染BCoV的犊牛，以评估BCoV感染和BCoV疫苗接种对维生素A降低之前（PAD 0和35）和维生素A降低之后（PAD）的Ab反应的影响。 112和140）。自然感染BCoV的小牛在PAD 35处主要有血清IgG1 BCoV Ab（p <0.05）。但是，先前从自然BCoV感染中恢复的牛犊在PAD 140处对灭活的BCoV疫苗的血清IgG1 BCoV Ab反应受损;相反，维生素A对灭活的BCoV / BRV疫苗的血清BRV Ab反应没有影响。无论维生素A的饮食状况如何，在PAD 140上所有血清同种型BRV Ab滴度均显着高于PAD 112。此外，在两个PAD的HVA和LVA组之间均未观察到统计学上的显着差异。在LVA组中，由于灭活的BCoV疫苗的血清IgG1抗体反应受到损害，因此对灭活的BRV和BCoV的抗体反应有所不同，而在PAD 140上，对灭活的BRV疫苗的抗体IgG1抗体的反应明显高于PAD 112。这是第一项分析微量营养素（即维生素A）对肥育小牛犊对BCoV和BRV疫苗Ab反应的影响的研究。育肥牛犊中的维生素A状态对ABC对灭活的BCoV疫苗的反应有显着影响。血清IgG1 BCoV Abs主要在高维生素A饮食方案下诱导，而在低维生素A饮食方案下受到损害，这表明低维生素A饮食会抑制与Th2相关的Ab（IgG1）反应。但是，维生素A饮食方案不会影响Ab对灭活BRV疫苗的反应。这项研究表明维生素A对抗体反应的影响可能是疫苗抗原依赖性的。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Jee, Junbae.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Animal Culture and Nutrition.;Agriculture Animal Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 234 p.
  • 总页数 234
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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