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首页> 外文学位 >Weak links in a dangerously fractured region: Fragile state as global threats.
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Weak links in a dangerously fractured region: Fragile state as global threats.

机译：危险断裂区域的链接薄弱：脆弱的国家是全球性威胁。

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摘要

In the post-9/11 period a common belief emerged that fragile states are launching pads for unprecedented and unconventional transnational threats. The rise of state fragility or state failure as a paradigm surfaced after the end of the Cold War, but their high risk factor was noticed only later. This is because increased interconnectedness allows information to spread faster and intensifies threat perceptions.;This study recognizes that the idea of weak states, small states, and political decay existed before, and that the notion of state fragility has been widely used in recent years. The conventional wisdom about political decay refers to the ineffectiveness of institutions and corrupt governance structures which enfeeble the state, and which is similar to the current literature focused on domestic factors. To understand the fragility of statehood, the study answers the following research question: "Under what conditions do weak and fragile states continue to fail?".;The analysis explores two core factors: endogenous and exogenous. The academic literature primarily focuses on endogenous factors, mainly political, security, economic, and social performance of states, to determine state capacity and capabilities. However, this study adds geography, or geopolitics, as an exogenous factor causing state fragility in many cases. Therefore, the study suggests a new category, "weak pivot states" in which fragility is not only the outcome of domestic factors but is also due to its geography and position as a "pivot." The evidence suggests that the impact factor of "weak pivot states" is higher than other weak and fragile states, as they are more susceptible to great power struggles.;As "weak pivot states" sit at the crossroads of major and regional powers' interests, one of the findings of this dissertation demonstrates that major powers have often supported undemocratic forces, with centralized authoritarian regimes benefiting the interests of a hegemon. The reduction of the threat level requires the provision of stability and the implementation of an effective political order. The findings suggest that fragile states need to reorient their constitutions and laws so as to create opportunity of equality and inclusiveness to its populations. In addition, the dissertation recommends the creation of "spheres of socialization" at intra-state and inter-state level that will allow education for democracy towards state building and establishing accountable political systems instead of interventions in weak and fragile states; and also facilitate an integration process at sub-regional, regional and then global level to tackle the burden of geography respectively.
机译：在9/11后时期，人们普遍认为，脆弱的国家正在为前所未有的和非常规的跨国威胁发动进攻。在冷战结束后，国家脆弱性或国家失败作为范式的崛起浮出水面，但它们的高风险因素直到后来才被发现。这是因为增强的互连性可以使信息更快地传播并增强对威胁的感知。;本研究认识到，弱国，小国和政治衰落的思想以前已经存在，并且国家脆弱性的概念近年来已得到广泛使用。关于政治衰落的传统观点是指使国家处于劣势的制度和腐败治理结构的无效性，这与目前关注国内因素的文献相似。为了理解国家的脆弱性，该研究回答了以下研究问题：“弱国和脆弱国家在什么条件下会继续失败？”。该分析探讨了两个核心因素：内生性和外生性。学术文献主要关注内在因素，主要是国家的政治，安全，经济和社会绩效，以确定国家的能力。但是，这项研究在许多情况下将地理或地缘政治作为造成国家脆弱性的外来因素。因此，该研究提出了一个新的类别，即“弱枢轴状态”，其中脆弱性不仅是国内因素的结果，还归因于其地理位置和“枢纽”地位。有证据表明，“弱枢轴国家”的影响因素要高于其他弱国和脆弱国家，因为它们更容易受到大国斗争的影响。；由于“弱枢轴国家”位于主要和地区大国利益的十字路口，本文的一项发现表明，大国经常支持不民主力量，集中的专制政权有利于霸权国家的利益。降低威胁水平需要提供稳定和执行有效的政治秩序。调查结果表明，脆弱国家需要调整其宪法和法律的方向，以便为其人民创造平等和包容的机会。此外，论文建议在州内和州际一级建立“社会化领域”，这将允许对民主进行教育以建立国家和建立负责任的政治制度，而不是对脆弱和脆弱的国家进行干预。并在次区域，区域乃至全球范围内促进整合进程，以分别解决地理负担。

著录项

  • 作者

    Baig, Tasawar ul-Rahim.;

  • 作者单位

    Old Dominion University.;

  • 授予单位 Old Dominion University.;
  • 学科 Political Science International Relations.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 403 p.
  • 总页数 403
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 古生物学;
  • 关键词

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