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Characterization of the Dynamic Conformations of HIV-1 Coreceptor CCR5.

机译:HIV-1共受体CCR5动态构象的表征。

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摘要

C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) acts as the principal coreceptor during HIV-1 transmission and early stages of infection. The importance of CCR5 is highlighted by evidence that persons carrying a 32-base pair deletion mutation (CCR5-Delta32) within the CCR5 gene exhibit a slower progression to AIDS, or are highly resistant to acquiring HIV-1. Distinct populations of CCR5 have been identified, and can be recognized by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) detecting epitope-specific conformations. Although it is apparent that CCR5 populations exist, much remains to be identified regarding how receptor-specific processes influence conformational heterogeneity. Using MAbs to recognize CCR5 conformational variants utilized by HIV-1, we investigated these antibody-defined CCR5 conformations relative to their localization and features of receptor function such as ligand engagement, trafficking and G protein association. In various cell lines, we reveal that CCR5 conformations differ in their distribution patterns and expression at the cell surface and internally. We find that CD4+ T cells, target cells for HIV-1 entry and infection, also vary in their surface expression of CCR5 conformations, and that HIV-1 infection reduces the number of such conformation-expressing cells. Relative to trafficking, we show that CCR5 populations have distinct sensitivities to endocytosis inhibition. Furthermore, we reveal conformation-specific changes upon engagement with both CCR5 chemokine analogs and a clinically used HIV-1 inhibitor, and upon disruption of the G protein alpha subunit association. Overall, we establish distinct characteristics for CCR5 conformations that likely explain their preferential use by HIV-1.
机译:C-C趋化因子受体5(CCR5)在HIV-1传播和感染的早期阶段充当主要的共受体。有证据表明,CCR5基因内具有32个碱基对的缺失突变(CCR5-Delta32)的人表现出较慢的发展为AIDS,或对获得HIV-1具有高度抗性,这一点突出了CCR5的重要性。已经鉴定出不同的CCR5种群,并且可以被检测表位特异性构象的单克隆抗体(MAb)识别。尽管很明显存在CCR5种群,但关于受体特异性过程如何影响构象异质性仍有很多待确定。使用单克隆抗体识别HIV-1利用的CCR5构象变体,我们研究了这些抗体定义的CCR5构象,与它们的定位和受体功能(如配体结合,运输和G蛋白缔合)有关。在各种细胞系中,我们揭示了CCR5构象在细胞表面和内部的分布模式和表达不同。我们发现,CD4 + T细胞是HIV-1进入和感染的靶细胞,其CCR5构象的表面表达也不同,并且HIV-1感染减少了此类构象表达细胞的数量。相对于贩运,我们表明CCR5人群对胞吞抑制具有不同的敏感性。此外,我们发现与CCR5趋化因子类似物和临床使用的HIV-1抑制剂结合后,以及G蛋白α亚基缔合受到破坏时,构象特异性变化。总体而言,我们为CCR5构象建立了鲜明的特征,这很可能解释了HIV-1对它们的优先使用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Flegler, Ayanna Jenelle.;

  • 作者单位

    Northwestern University.;

  • 授予单位 Northwestern University.;
  • 学科 Biology Cell.;Biology Virology.;Biology Molecular.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 116 p.
  • 总页数 116
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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