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Investigating the management of potato and tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans through host genetics and pathogen characters.

机译：通过宿主遗传学和病原体特征调查由疫霉疫霉引起的马铃薯和番茄晚疫病的管理。

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摘要

Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary, is the causal agent of late blight of potato and tomato. In 2009 to 2013, four P. infestans clonal lineages US-22, US-23, US-24, and US-8 were isolated in several U.S. states including Wisconsin. In the present research two components of late blight management were investigated. 1) Biology and ecology of four recent clonal lineages of P. infestans. A phenotypic and genotypic characterization was performed on P. infestans collected in 2013 in Wisconsin. Results revealed that two clonal lineages, US-23 (A1 mating type, mefenoxam sensitive) and US-8 (mating type A2 and resistant to mefenoxam) were present. In an assessment of the virulence and oospore production with US-22 (A2), US-23 (A1), and US-24 (A1) isolates, results revealed that potato and tomato plants transformed with the RB gene and tomato Mountain Magic, carrying Ph-2 and Ph-3 genes, were resistant to inoculation with all of the individual isolates and no oospores were detected in these plants. In an investigation of survivability and infectivity of oospores, it was discovered that oospores were able to survive and remain infective to tomato leaflets after being exposed to natural field winter conditions in Wisconsin, and 5 temperatures ranging from 22° C to -20° C. 2). Breeding for resistance. Resistance to late blight from the wild potato species Solanum verrucosum has been introgressed into five diploid hybrid clones. Two of these clones have resistance to early blight from the wild potato species S. commersonii. All five clones have acceptable tuber yield, do not produce 2n pollen grains, and produce viable pollen. Using molecular approaches, transient expression of 18 RB orthologous genes from 7 Solanum species were evaluated for the ability to recognize the IPI-O effectors from P. infestans. Our results revealed that none of the 18 RB orthologs were able to recognize the IPI-O effectors. The nucleotide sequence diversity observed between non-functional and functional RB genes can be used for future research to identify regions of importance for molecular characterization of the interaction between IPI-O effector and the RB gene.
机译：疫病疫霉（蒙特疫霉）是马铃薯和番茄晚疫病的致病因子。在2009年至2013年期间，在包括威斯康星州在内的美国多个州中分离出了四个P. infestans感染谱系克隆US-22，US-23，US-24和US-8。在本研究中，研究了晚疫病管理的两个组成部分。 1）四个最近的疫霉的克隆世系的生物学和生态学。对威斯康星州2013年采集的致病疫霉进行了表型和基因型表征。结果显示存在两个克隆谱系，US-23（A1交配型，对甲氧西ox敏感）和US-8（交配型A2，对甲氧西am具有抗性）。在评估US-22（A2），US-23（A1）和US-24（A1）分离株的毒力和卵子产生后，结果显示，用RB基因和番茄Mountain Magic转化的马铃薯和番茄植株，携带Ph-2和Ph-3基因的人对所有单独的分离物均具有抗接种能力，在这些植物中未检测到卵孢子。在对卵孢子的生存能力和传染性的调查中，发现卵孢子在暴露于威斯康星州的自然田间冬季条件下以及在22°C至-20°C的5个温度下能够存活并保持感染番茄小叶的能力。 2）。培育抗药性。野生马铃薯种Solanum verrucosum对晚疫病的抗性已渗入五个二倍体杂种克隆中。这些克隆中有两个对野生马铃薯种S. commersonii的早疫病具有抗性。所有五个克隆的块茎产量均可接受，不产生2n的花粉粒，并产生可行的花粉。使用分子方法，评估了来自7个茄属物种的18个RB直系同源基因的瞬时表达，以识别识别致病疫霉的IPI-O效应子的能力。我们的结果表明，18个RB直系同源物中没有一个能够识别IPI-O效应子。在非功能性和功能性RB基因之间观察到的核苷酸序列多样性可用于未来研究，以鉴定对IPI-O效应子和RB基因之间相互作用的分子表征重要的区域。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sanchez Perez, Gregorio Amilcar.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Plant pathology.;Plant sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 150 p.
  • 总页数 150
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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