• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Changes in reported tar yields and cigarette design in samples of Chinese cigarettes, 2009-2012.
【24h】

Changes in reported tar yields and cigarette design in samples of Chinese cigarettes, 2009-2012.

机译：2009-2012年中国卷烟样本中报告的焦油产率和卷烟设计的变化。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The Chinese tobacco industry has been under the control of the government since the 1950s, and there is little done to control tobacco and its use. Due to the displaying of ISO TNCO yields on the cigarette pack, many consumers believe "low tar/light" cigarettes are healthier. In addition, high heavy metal contents in the tobacco are worrisome for the smoker's health. The repeated exposure to these toxins can be attributed to the addiction to nicotine. This study looks at the change in Chinese cigarettes reported ISO TNCO yields and cigarette design from 2009 to 2012. Cigarettes analyzed in this study were purchased from seven cities in China and shipped to Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Ninety-one pairs were found using UPC matching for the recording of ISO TNCO emissions, cigarette design testing, trace metal analysis, and the quantification of the tobacco rod nicotine content. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, looking at descriptive statistics, correlations, change in time using generalized estimating equations and an independent sample t-Test, and the reliability of the tobacco rod nicotine data. Reported TNCO yields decreased on average in each case from 2009 to 2012 (7.9%, 4.5% and 5.7%, respectively). Ventilation was found to be a predictor of TNCO yields and was the only design feature that significantly changed overtime (p < 0.001), increasing 31.7%. From 2009 to 2012, the mean concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb significantly decreased (As: p = 0.032, Cd: p = 0.045, and Pb: p < 0.001, respectively). There was an insignificant change in tobacco rod nicotine content overtime, but a significance at the 0.01 level correlation with ISO nicotine (Spearman Correlation = 0.400) and many metals. It is important that China improves cigarette pack warning labels, removes ISO TNCO levels from the cigarette pack, and regulates tobacco rod heavy metal and nicotine content. Overall, in China the government should control the tobacco business more and promote public to reduce tobacco related disease and death.
机译：自1950年代以来，中国烟草业一直处于政府的控制之下，而控制烟草及其使用的措施却很少。由于在香烟包装上显示了ISO TNCO产量，因此许多消费者认为“低焦油/轻油烟”更健康。另外，烟草中高重金属含量对吸烟者的健康令人担忧。反复接触这些毒素可归因于尼古丁成瘾。这项研究着眼于从2009年至2012年报告的中国卷烟的ISO TNCO产量和卷烟设计的变化。本研究中分析的香烟购自中国的七个城市，并运往罗斯威尔公园癌症研究所。使用UPC匹配发现了91对，用于记录ISO TNCO排放，卷烟设计测试，痕量金属分析和烟丝尼古丁含量的量化。使用SPSS进行数据分析，查看描述性统计数据，相关性，使用广义估计方程和独立样本t检验的时间变化以及烟条尼古丁数据的可靠性。从2009年到2012年，每种情况下报告的TNCO产量平均下降（分别为7.9％，4.5％和5.7％）。发现通风是TNCO产量的预测指标，并且是唯一随时间显着改变的设计特征（p <0.001），增加了31.7％。从2009年到2012年，As，Cd和Pb的平均浓度显着下降（分别为As：p = 0.032，Cd：p = 0.045和Pb：p <0.001）。烟丝中尼古丁含量随时间变化不明显，但与ISO尼古丁（Spearman相关系数= 0.400）和许多金属的0.01水平相关性显着。中国改善烟盒警告标签，从烟盒中去除ISO TNCO含量并规范烟丝中重金属和尼古丁含量非常重要。总体而言，在中国，政府应更多地控制烟草业务，并促进公众减少与烟草有关的疾病和死亡。

著录项

  • 作者

    Schneller, Liane Margaret.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Buffalo.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Buffalo.;
  • 学科 Public health.;Health sciences.;Asian studies.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 57 p.
  • 总页数 57
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号