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首页> 外文学位 >Hatching periodicity, survival and development of the early life stages of red deepsea crab (Chaceon quinquedens) in laboratory conditions: Effects of diet and temperature
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Hatching periodicity, survival and development of the early life stages of red deepsea crab (Chaceon quinquedens) in laboratory conditions: Effects of diet and temperature

机译：实验室条件下的深海红蟹（木犀）的孵化周期，生存期和发育早期：饮食和温度的影响

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摘要

A decline in commercial crustacean species (lobsters, king crab, etc.) has caused an increased interest in the harvest of the red deepsea crab Chaceon quinquedens. The red deepsea crab fishery is federally managed by the New England Fishery Management Council-Deep Sea Red Crab Fishery Management Plan (FMP), but little is known about this species' general biology, especially conditions required for larval survival. This multiyear project aimed to answer two main questions about the life history of the red deepsea crab. First, is there a common larval hatching pattern between adult female crabs? Specifically, what is the duration of the hatching process, at what time of the day do larvae hatch, and what is the relationship between female morphometry and the total larvae hatched? Second, what are the factors affecting the survival and development of larval red deepsea crab? In order to answer these research questions, I studied the effects of diet (rotifers, Artemia sp., algae, and unfed), temperature (9, 15, and 20°C), and aquaculture systems.;Ovigerous females were obtained from commercial traps and transported to the NOAA James J. Howard Laboratory, Sandy Hook, NJ. They were placed in the Females Husbandry and Hatching Collection System (FHCS) where the larvae hatched. Hatching of adult females was monitored and measured by volume. A group of them was observed for 3 consecutive days in 4 hours intervals. First stage zoeae were obtained from eggs that hatched in FHCS. The 2014 flow-through system consisted of two temperature tanks (9 and 15°C) containing 10 buckets each. Inside each bucket, three cylindrical containers with capacity for 10 larvae each. That year diets included unfed, rotifers, and algae treatments for each temperature. The 2016 recirculating system had two temperature tanks (15 and 20°C), each containing 12 conical upwellers with capacity for 20 larvae each. Diets for 2016 included unfed, rotifers, Artemia sp. and a mixture of the last two, for each temperature. Larvae were fed and counted daily.;A simple linear regression (SLR) was calculated to predict the number of larvae hatched based on the measured volumes. This SLR was significant (F = 1196; df = 1, 13; R2 = 0.9892, P = 3.498e-14) for the relationship. The mean duration of hatching period for red deepsea crab females is 18.1 +/- 3.5 days, with a daily lower mean number of larvae hatched at 14:00 hr (mid-day from10 am to 2 pm) than at time 22:00 hr (6 pm to 10 pm) across all crabs, but not different from the other time intervals.;Daily recorded larvae mortality data was analyzed for survival and development hypotheses using non-linear mixed effects models (NLME). In 2014, the model was highly significant, temperature and its interaction with the rotifers diet are different from the other treatments mortality, supporting a longer survival on larvae under these treatments. The fewer larvae that survived longer were also in advanced larval development stages (Zoeae III and IV). During 2016 survival temperature was also the main factor affecting larvae mortality. Temperature, diet, and their interaction affected the capacity of the RDSC larvae to reach advanced stages of development in the years of experiments.;Comparison of both years Larvae Feeding Experimental System (LFS) showed that the type of aquaculture system plays an important role in the mortality of the RDSC larvae with longer survival recorded using the 2014 LFS I. In addition, one of the expected outcomes of these experiments was to answer which feed was the best among rotifers, Artemia sp., and algae for the RDSC larvae in laboratory conditions. I found rotifer and Artemia sp. as the best live food option for the RDSC larvae. My research findings on the optimal survival conditions of the species will facilitate further research in marine aquaculture, to better understand the ecology, fishery, and impacts of climate change on the life history and fishery of red deepsea crab.
机译：商业甲壳类物种（龙虾，帝王蟹等）的减少引起了人们对红色深海蟹Chaceon quinquedens收获的兴趣增加。红色深海螃蟹渔业由新英格兰渔业管理委员会-深海红色螃蟹渔业管理计划（FMP）进行联邦管理，但对该物种的一般生物学知之甚少，尤其是幼体生存所需的条件。这个为期多年的项目旨在回答有关深海红蟹生活史的两个主要问题。首先，成年雌性蟹之间是否有共同的幼体孵化模式？具体来说，孵化过程的持续时间是多少？幼虫在一天的什么时间孵化？女性形态与孵化的幼虫之间有什么关系？其次，哪些因素会影响幼体红色深海蟹的生存和发育？为了回答这些研究问题，我研究了饮食（轮虫，卤虫，藻类和未进食），温度（9、15和20°C）和水产养殖系统的影响。捕集并运到新泽西州桑迪胡克的NOAA詹姆斯·霍华德实验室。它们被放置在幼体孵化场的女性畜牧和孵化场收集系统中。监测和测量成年雌性的孵化量。每隔4小时连续3天观察一组。从在FHCS中孵化的卵中获得第一阶段的zoeae。 2014流通系统由两个温度容器（9和15°C）组成，每个温度容器包含10个料桶。在每个铲斗内部，装有三个圆柱形容器，每个容器可容纳10个幼虫。那年的饮食包括针对每个温度的未进食，轮虫和藻类治疗。 2016年的循环系统有两个温度槽（15和20°C），每个温度槽包含12个锥形上升流，每个上升流可容纳20个幼体。 2016年的饮食包括未进食，轮虫，Artemia sp。和每个温度的最后两个的混合物。每天给幼虫喂食并计数。;根据测量的体积，计算简单的线性回归（SLR）来预测孵化的幼虫数量。这种关系的SLR显着（F = 1196; df = 1，13; R2 = 0.9892，P = 3.498e-14）。红色深海蟹雌性的孵化期平均持续时间为18.1 +/- 3.5天，每天14:00时（上午10点至下午2点的中午）孵化的幼虫的平均日数比22:00小时低（6 pm到10 pm）在所有螃蟹上，但与其他时间间隔没有差异。;使用非线性混合效应模型（NLME）分析了每日记录的幼虫死亡率数据，以了解生存和发育假说。在2014年，该模型非常重要，温度及其与轮虫饮食的相互作用不同于其他处理方法的死亡率，从而支持了这些处理方法下幼虫的更长生存期。存活时间越短的幼虫也处于晚期幼虫发育阶段（Zoeae III和IV）。在2016年期间，生存温度也是影响幼虫死亡率的主要因素。温度，日粮及其相互作用影响了RDSC幼虫在实验年份中达到发育后期的能力。两年的比较显示，水产养殖系统类型在水产养殖系统中起着重要作用。使用2014 LFS I记录的具有更长生存期的RDSC幼虫的死亡率。此外，这些实验的预期结果之一是回答实验室中RDSC幼虫中轮虫，卤虫和藻类中哪种饲料是最好的条件。我发现了轮虫和卤虫。作为RDSC幼虫的最佳活食选择。我关于该物种最佳生存条件的研究结果将促进海洋水产养殖的进一步研究，以更好地了解生态，渔业以及气候变化对红色深海螃蟹的生活史和渔业的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Perez Perez, Nivette Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    Delaware State University.;

  • 授予单位 Delaware State University.;
  • 学科 Aquatic sciences.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 146 p.
  • 总页数 146
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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