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首页> 外文学位 >Behavioral Ecology of Red-Backed Fairywrens (Malurus melanocephalus) during the Non-Breeding Season.
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Behavioral Ecology of Red-Backed Fairywrens (Malurus melanocephalus) during the Non-Breeding Season.

机译：非繁殖季节红背仙女（Malurus melanocephalus）的行为生态学。

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摘要

Understanding the causes and consequences of plumage ornamentation in birds has long been of interest to evolutionary ecologists. Although conspicuous plumage is often present year-round, and is therefore likely to be under selection throughout the annual cycle, it has been much better-studied during breeding than non-breeding seasons. Signaling function of ornaments may be distinct during the non-breeding season because of seasonal differences in ecological and evolutionary pressures. The red-backed fairywren is a small, insectivorous passerine bird from Australia in which males have variable plumage ornamentation: some males develop red/black plumage months before breeding, others do so immediately before breeding, and others retain cryptic brown plumage year-round. My thesis investigated the causes and consequences of this variation, which a focus on non-breeding season dynamics. In my first chapter, I characterized the hormonal basis - or lack thereof - for ornamented plumage for early-molting males, finding that androgen levels in both males and females regardless of molt status were similar during the non-breeding season. By expressing plumage ornamentation in the absence of elevated androgen levels, ornamented males may avoid immunological or other costs associated with androgens. In my second chapter, I found that early-molting males did not pay a cost in terms in terms of signal quality relative to males that developed plumage ornamentation later in the year, when resources might be more available. Instead, males that developed ornamented plumage months before breeding had putatively higher quality ornamentation during the breeding season, and I identified adventitious molt in these males as a novel mechanism for plumage modification. In my third chapter, I showed that ornamented males ranged over larger areas and had more social connections that unornamented males. These males also displayed to females months before the start of the breeding season, suggesting that space use during the non-breeding season may be in part driven by opportunities to interact with future reproductive partners. This work advances our understanding of the production mechanisms, signaling function, and behavioral correlates of plumage ornamentation during non-breeding periods.
机译：长期以来，了解鸟类羽毛装饰的原因和后果一直是进化生态学家的兴趣所在。尽管通常全年都会出现明显的羽毛，因此很可能在整个年度周期中进行选择，但与非繁殖季节相比，在繁殖过程中对其进行了更好的研究。由于生态和进化压力的季节性差异，在非繁殖季节装饰物的信号传递功能可能会有所不同。红背仙女是澳大利亚产的小型食虫性雀形目鸟，其中的雄性羽毛装饰各不相同：有些雄性在繁殖前数月便发育出红色/黑色的羽毛，其他雄性则在繁殖前即成红色，而其他人则全年保留隐秘的棕色羽毛。我的论文调查了这种变化的原因和后果，重点是非繁殖季节的动态。在我的第一章中，我对早期蜕皮的雄性羽毛的荷尔蒙基础（或缺乏激素）进行了表征，发现在非育种季节，不论蜕皮状态如何，雄性和雌性的雄激素水平均相似。通过在没有升高的雄激素水平的情况下表达羽毛装饰，被装饰的雄性可以避免与雄激素相关的免疫或其他花费。在我的第二章中，我发现相对于今年晚些时候可能有更多资源可用的羽毛装饰的雄性而言，早蜕的雄性在信号质量方面没有付出任何代价。取而代之的是，在繁殖前几个月发展出装饰性羽毛的雄性在繁殖季节具有较高质量的装饰，我发现这些雄性不定型蜕皮是修饰羽毛的新机制。在我的第三章中，我证明了装饰过的男性比未装饰过的男性分布在更大的区域，并且具有更多的社会联系。这些雄性还在繁殖季节开始前几个月向雌性展示，这表明非繁殖季节对空间的利用可能部分是由与未来生殖伴侣互动的机会驱动的。这项工作提高了我们对非繁殖时期羽毛装饰的产生机制，信号功能和行为相关性的理解。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lantz, Samantha M.;

  • 作者单位

    Tulane University School of Science and Engineering.;

  • 授予单位 Tulane University School of Science and Engineering.;
  • 学科 Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 96 p.
  • 总页数 96
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学;
  • 关键词

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