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Land use regulations and housing supply: Impacts on local, state, and U.S. markets.

机译：土地使用法规和住房供应：对本地，州和美国市场的影响。

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摘要

When a slumping housing market pushes a national economy towards recession, policy makers, investors and homeowners tend to focus their attention on federal regulation of housing finance. However, they have all but ignored the impacts of local and state regulations on the production of housing itself. This is surprising, since recent evidence suggests local and state land use regulations may play an important role in housing market efficiency (Mayer and Soerville, 2000; Glaser, Gyourko, and Saks, 2005). Furthermore, scholars have failed to reconcile opposing theories of land use regulations and housing supply, so consistent definitions of regulation and efficiency remain elusive.;This dissertation will help reconcile the opposing theories of urban economics, political economy, and regional planning with the question: How do land use regulations effect housing markets? Do their impacts vary by scale? While these theoretical models yield radically different answers, most conclude that other regulatory approaches result in housing market inefficiencies. But with several perspectives and viewpoints, what are the fundamentals of various models? How well do models and theories portray real world markets? Which models should policy makers follow?;This dissertation uses a three-paper approach to address these questions. The first paper, an integrative analysis, intimately examines the idea that land use regulations may have played a role in the emergence of the 2007 recession. Results financial deregulation and decentralization of land use in the 1980s set the stage for a large housing bubble and subsequent crash. Second, an empirical analysis examines local government regulation, competition, and housing construction in Southern California. Findings indicate that as cities permit more multifamily units, their neighbors permit less, suggesting that local regulations and intercity competition may inefficiently restrict certain housing types. The third paper analyzes the impacts of state regulation on housing growth in Maryland, and finds that it may increase multifamily housing in urban areas, but decrease in suburban and exurban areas. This suggests that cities in non-urban areas might view state regulatory incentives as a source of inefficient growth or public expenditures, and that "smart growth" programs have limited effectiveness.
机译：当萧条的住房市场将国民经济推向衰退时，决策者，投资者和房主倾向于将注意力集中在住房金融的联邦监管上。但是，他们几乎忽略了地方和州法规对住房生产的影响。这是令人惊讶的，因为最近的证据表明地方和州的土地使用法规可能对住房市场效率发挥重要作用（Mayer和Soerville，2000； Glaser，Gyourko和Saks，2005）。此外，学者们未能调和土地使用法规和住房供应的对立理论，因此对法规和效率的统一定义仍然难以捉摸。本论文将有助于解决城市经济学，政治经济学和区域规划的对立理论与以下问题：土地使用法规如何影响住房市场？他们的影响会因规模而异吗？尽管这些理论模型给出了截然不同的答案，但大多数结论认为，其他监管方法会导致住房市场效率低下。但是，从几种观点和观点来看，各种模型的基础是什么？模型和理论在现实世界中的表现如何？决策者应该遵循哪些模型？；本文采用三篇论文的方法来解决这些问题。第一篇论文进行了综合分析，仔细研究了土地使用法规可能在2007年衰退中发挥作用的想法。结果1980年代的财政放松管制和土地使用的权力下放为大规模的房地产泡沫和随后的崩溃奠定了基础。其次，实证分析考察了南加州地方政府的监管，竞争和住房建设。研究结果表明，随着城市允许更多的多户家庭住房，城市的邻居允许的住房较少，这表明地方法规和城市间竞争可能会低效地限制某些住房类型。第三篇论文分析了州法规对马里兰州住房增长的影响，并发现该法规可能会增加城市地区的多户住房，而在郊区和郊区则有所减少。这表明，非城市地区的城市可能会将国家监管激励视为低效率增长或公共支出的来源，而“智能增长”计划的效果有限。

著录项

  • 作者

    McLaughlin, Ralph Boone, IV.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Irvine.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Irvine.;
  • 学科 Economics General.;Urban and Regional Planning.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 173 p.
  • 总页数 173
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 经济学;区域规划、城乡规划;
  • 关键词

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