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首页> 外文学位 >The politics of empire: Metropolitan socio-political development and the imperial transformation of the British East India Company, 1675--1775.
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The politics of empire: Metropolitan socio-political development and the imperial transformation of the British East India Company, 1675--1775.

机译：帝国政治：1675--1775年，大都市社会政治发展和英国东印度公司的帝国转型。

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摘要

During the 1750s and 1760s, the British East India Company [EIC] conquered three provinces in northeastern India and laid the basis for a territorial empire that eventually spanned the entire subcontinent. The origins and early formation of this empire are amongst the most controversial and well-studied topics in British imperial history. The reigning historiographic consensus contends that Anglo-French global warfare, the emergence of post-Mughal successor kingdoms, and the sub-imperialism of European "men on the spot" ineluctably issued in a British territorial empire in South Asia. More importantly, this consensus holds that the acquisition and early formation of this empire were not informed and shaped by metropolitan political and ideological debate. British politicians and officials, as well as the Company's directors and shareholders, were unable to influence the course of events in South Asia and were forced to grapple with the outcomes of processes over which they had no control. From the perspective of contemporary historiography, metropolitan political conflict and ideological debate played no role in the origins and early formation of the EIC's imperial state in Bengal.;This dissertation fundamentally challenges this consensus by placing the history of the EIC in the context of long-term metropolitan socio-political development. In doing so, it demonstrates that the Company's imperial metamorphosis was deeply bound up with the political crises afflicting mid-Hanoverian Britain and its global empire. The first part of the dissertation traces the EIC's transformation from a bulwark of Stuart absolutism into a pillar of the Hanoverian Whig regime. The Company was not only a commercial corporation trading to Asia. It was also a key component of the fiscal-military state and the oligarchic political order. During the 1750s and 1760s, the oligarchic state was wracked by crises; crises that manifested themselves across Britain and its empire, from Bombay to Boston. The second part of the dissertation places the early phase of the transition to British colonial rule in northeastern India in the context of these wide-ranging crises. In doing so, it demonstrates that the EIC's conquest of Bengal was profoundly informed and shaped by the course of political conflict and ideological debate in the metropolis.;The consolidation of the Company State in Bengal was one of the most important manifestations of a "neo-Tory" metropolitan project that sought to preserve Britain's aristocratic-oligarchic socio-political order. In the years leading up to and during the Seven Years' War, the oligarchic state faced numerous crises. Furthermore, a radical Whig form of politics emerged. This radical Whiggery wanted to reform the political order and to deepen and strengthen Britain's dynamic commercial and manufacturing society. The neo-Tory project arose in response to these crises and to the emergence of radical Whiggery. Central to neo-Toryism was a new form of authoritarian and coercive imperialism that sought both to lock the American colonies into a relationship of mercantilist dependency and to consolidate the EIC's territorial empire on the Indian subcontinent via the erection of a tributary and militarized garrison state in Bengal. During the 1760s, an older Whig imperial political economy concerned with constitutional liberties, commercial expansion, and economic growth was replaced by a neo-Tory imperial political economy that emphasized the extraction of revenues from the colonial periphery and the due subordination that subject peoples owed to metropolitan sovereign authority. British India was born in the midst of these metropolitan political conflicts and imperial political-economic transformations.
机译：在1750年代和1760年代，英国东印度公司（EIC）征服了印度东北部的三个省，为最终跨越整个次大陆的领土帝国奠定了基础。这个帝国的起源和早期形成是英国帝国历史上最有争议和研究最深入的话题之一。统治时期的史学共识认为，英法全球战争，莫卧儿后继王国的出现以及欧洲“当场人”的次帝国主义不可避免地在南亚的英国领土上发行。更重要的是，这种共识认为，这个帝国的获得和早期形成并不受大都市政治和意识形态辩论的影响和塑造。英国政治人物和官员，以及公司的董事和股东，无法影响南亚事件的进程，并被迫应对他们无法控制的程序的结果。从当代史学的角度来看，大都市的政治冲突和意识形态的辩论在孟加拉国的EIC帝国国家的起源和早期形成中没有任何作用。本论文通过将EIC的历史置于长期的背景下，从根本上挑战这一共识。大都市社会政治发展术语。这样做表明，公司的帝国变态与困扰汉诺威中部英国及其全球帝国的政治危机紧密地联系在一起。论文的第一部分追溯了EIC从斯图尔特专制主义堡垒到汉诺威辉格党政权的支柱的转变。该公司不仅是一家在亚洲进行贸易的商业公司。它也是财政军事国家和寡头政治秩序的重要组成部分。在1750年代和1760年代，寡头国家陷入了危机。从孟买到波士顿，危机在整个英国及其整个帝国中都表现出来。本文的第二部分将危机过渡到印度东北向英国殖民统治过渡的早期阶段。通过这样做，它表明EIC对孟加拉的征服是由大都市中的政治冲突和意识形态辩论的过程深刻地告知和塑造的。孟加拉公司国的合并是“新战略”的最重要体现之一。 “托里”大都会项目，旨在维护英国的贵族寡头社会政治秩序。在七年战争之前和期间，寡头国家面临许多危机。此外，激进的辉格党形式的政治出现了。这位激进的辉格里党想改革政治秩序，深化和加强英国充满活力的商业和制造业社会。针对这些危机和激进的惠格吉人的出现，产生了新托里项目。新保守主义的中心是威权主义和强制性帝国主义的一种新形式，它既试图将美国殖民地锁定在重商主义依附关系中，又要在印度建立次要军事化的驻军国，以巩固EIC在印度次大陆上的领土帝国。孟加拉。在1760年代期间，与宪法自由，商业扩张和经济增长相关的较早的辉格帝国政治经济学被新托里帝国主义政治经济学所取代，后者强调从殖民地外围获取收入和应有的人民服从于人民的主权。大都会主权当局。英属印度出生在这些大都市政治冲突和帝国政治经济转型之中。

著录项

  • 作者

    Vaughn, James M.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Chicago.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Chicago.;
  • 学科 History European.;History Modern.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 621 p.
  • 总页数 621
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 欧洲史;现代史（1917年~）;
  • 关键词

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