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首页> 外文学位 >Regional analyses of constraints affecting rice production systems in California: Grain milling quality at harvest and evolution of herbicide resistant Echinochloa spp.
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Regional analyses of constraints affecting rice production systems in California: Grain milling quality at harvest and evolution of herbicide resistant Echinochloa spp.

机译：加利福尼亚州影响水稻生产系统的限制因素的区域分析：收获时的谷物碾磨质量以及抗除草剂棘轮虫的进化。

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摘要

Rice systems in California, despite being highly developed and efficient, present constraints at different levels in its production system when an agro ecological viewpoint is formulated. Though analyses at the plot or field level have denoted significance for science resulting in important technologic progress, a wider perspective is required nowadays to improve systems efficiency in a faster approach. Moreover, regional studies have provided the opportunity to combine more disciplines, taking into account time and space in an integrative analysis, thus facilitating the comprehension of natural phenomena.;Grain milling quality is one important issue in current California rice systems, especially related to variations in weather pre-harvest that could result on low head rice percent and also worse final returns. A regional analysis approach was carried out using statistical interpolation methods (through geographic information systems) to evaluate the mentioned association and to estimate the optimum harvest time relative to obtaining maximum head rice percent. Obtained results will aid farmers and industry decisions towards preparation of harvest and storage facilities to improve the system efficiency.;Evolution of herbicide resistance in Echinochloa spp. (E. phyllopogon, E. oryzoides and E. crus-galli) towards various herbicides currently in use in California rice (thiobencarb, bispyribac-sodium and fenoxaprop-ethyl) was associated with landscape, crop and weed management variables using a geographic information system and multivariate analysis (classification and regression trees, CART). Diverse outcomes were obtained for each species, denoting their different genetics and ecology; the regional integrative analysis conducted allowed for in-depth evaluation of dissimilar information that could be incorporated simultaneously into the analysis. The information thus obtained will be useful to define best strategies for mitigating further evolution and spread of herbicide resistance in Echinochloa spp. throughout rice fields of the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys.;This dissertation exemplifies how a complex problematic can be visualized and addressed from a regional perspective, integrating all kinds of available information, to provide guidelines for action at various levels scaling from field to farm and finally to an entire region.
机译：加利福尼亚州的稻米系统尽管高度发达和高效，但在提出农业生态观点时，其稻米生产系统受到了不同程度的限制。尽管在地块或现场进行的分析表明了对科学的意义，从而推动了重要的技术进步，但如今仍需要更广阔的视野，以更快的方式提高系统效率。此外，区域研究为整合更多学科提供了机会，在综合分析中考虑了时间和空间，从而促进了自然现象的理解。谷物碾磨质量是当前加利福尼亚稻米系统中的一个重要问题，尤其是与变异有关的问题在收获前的天气中，这可能导致稻米低谷率以及最终收成下降。使用统计插值方法（通过地理信息系统）进行了区域分析，以评估上述关联并估计相对于获得最大稻米百分比的最佳收获时间。获得的结果将有助于农民和产业界做出准备收获和储存设施的决策，以提高系统效率。E草除草剂抗性的演变。地理信息系统使用地理信息系统将（E. phyllopogon，E。o​​ryzoides和Es。crus-galli）对加利福尼亚稻米中目前正在使用的各种除草剂（硫代苯威，双嘧啶钠和非诺沙丙）的景观，作物和杂草的管理变量相关联和多元分析（分类树和回归树，CART）。每个物种获得了不同的结果，表明了它们不同的遗传学和生态学；进行的区域综合分析可以深入评估可以同时纳入分析的异类信息。如此获得的信息将有助于确定最佳策略，以减轻棘轮E属植物除草剂抗性的进一步进化和传播。该论文举例说明了如何从区域的角度可视化和解决复杂的问题，并整合了各种可用信息，从而为从田间到农场和农场的各个层次的行动提供了指导终于到了整个地区。

著录项

  • 作者

    Marchesi, Claudia.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.;Biology Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 179 p.
  • 总页数 179
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:19

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