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Investigation of rainfall-runoff process in relation to soil physical and hydraulic properties.

机译：研究降雨径流过程与土壤物理和水力特性的关系。

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摘要

Non-point pollution sources are intermittent and vary in magnitude spatially and temporally, thus making their quantification difficult. The driving force of non-point source pollution of surface waters is the rainfall-runoff process. The present research was planned with the objectives of investigating rainfall-excess mechanism; identifying the important hydrologic parameters affecting the spatial and temporal variation in runoff generation; providing predictive models for description of spatial variability in soil properties and their influence on runoff generation; evaluating the specificity of various fractal models at various spatial scales; and evaluation of two interpolation techniques for soil properties.;A two year soil data, originally taken on an 8-m grid, re-sampled on 16-m grid, were interpolated at 4-m and 1-m resolutions by Kriging and inverse distance weighting models. Different cross-validation indices were applied to evaluate interpolated results. Fractal dimensions of soil properties data were computed at different spatial resolutions using variogram, triangular prism and isarithm techniques. Fractal surface was generated to examine its possible use in the modelling of rainfall-runoff process. Finally, rainfall-excess step in runoff generation to identify parts of the field generating rainfall-excess and the soil characteristics associated with it, was investigated and modeled at various spatial resolutions using Green-Ampt model and Philip's sorptivity approach.;The results show that Kriging and IDW models are very competitive to each other; however, Kriging was found to be relatively more stable for hydraulic properties. Interpolation models do not reflect spatial variability and make interpolated data smoother. The spatial interpolated soil properties do not follow fractal laws, and fractal models do not provide a universal fit for soil properties at all spatial resolutions. Various soil properties can share the same fractal dimension. Simulated fractal surface cannot be used in spatial lumped or distributed hydrologic models.;At a given time, rainfall-excess flux does not generate all over the watershed. Different soil properties and their interaction dominate rainfall-excess mechanism at different spatial resolutions. Initial soil water deficit, topography, spatial connectivity, and rainfall characteristics are dominant factors affecting spatial distribution of observed rainfall-excess areas. Least permeable areas are the most likely to generate rainfall-excess runoff in modeling approach. Rainfall-excess process has been found to be highly sensitive to sorptivity, followed by hydraulic conductivity and rainfall intensity. The GA infiltration model used with Philip's sorptivity is a satisfactory method to predict rainfall-excess generating area, flux and rate.
机译：非点源污染源是间歇性的，并且在空间和时间上的大小都不同，因此难以量化。地表水面源污染的驱动力是降雨径流过程。计划本研究的目的是研究降雨过量机制。确定影响径流产生的时空变化的重要水文参数；提供描述土壤性质空间变异及其对径流产生的影响的预测模型；在各种空间尺度上评估各种分形模型的特异性；以及两种土壤特性插值技术的评估。最初由8米网格获取的两年土壤数据通过16米网格重新采样，并通过Kriging和反插值以4 m和1 m分辨率插值距离加权模型。应用了不同的交叉验证指数来评估插值结果。土壤特征数据的分形维数是使用变异函数，三角棱镜和等速技术在不同的空间分辨率下计算的。生成分形表面以检查其在降雨径流过程建模中的可能用途。最后，利用Green-Ampt模型和Philip的吸附方法，在各种空间分辨率下对径流产生中的降雨过量步骤进行了识别，以识别产生降雨过量的田野及其相关的土壤特征。克里格模型和IDW模型彼此非常有竞争力。然而，发现克里格在水力性能方面相对更稳定。插值模型不能反映空间变异性，并且可以使插值数据更平滑。空间插值土壤属性不遵循分形定律，并且分形模型不能在所有空间分辨率下都提供土壤属性的通用拟合。各种土壤特性可以共享相同的分形维数。模拟的分形表面不能用于空间集总或分布式水文模型。;在给定的时间，降雨流通量不会在整个流域产生。在不同的空间分辨率下，不同的土壤特性及其相互作用主导了降雨过量机制。初始土壤缺水，地形，空间连通性和降雨特征是影响观测到的降雨过多地区空间分布的主要因素。在建模方法中，渗透率最低的区域最有可能产生降雨过多的径流。已经发现降雨过量过程对吸水率高度敏感，其次是水力传导率和降雨强度。与菲利普吸附力一起使用的GA入渗模型是一种预测降雨过多的产生面积，通量和速率的令人满意的方法。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sajid, Ali H.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Guelph (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Guelph (Canada).;
  • 学科 Agriculture Soil Science.;Engineering Civil.;Engineering Environmental.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 421 p.
  • 总页数 421
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 土壤学;建筑科学;环境污染及其防治;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:29

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