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首页> 外文学位 >Electrochemical research in chemical hydrogen storage materials: Sodium borohydride and organotin hydrides.
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Electrochemical research in chemical hydrogen storage materials: Sodium borohydride and organotin hydrides.

机译：化学储氢材料的电化学研究：硼氢化钠和有机锡氢化物。

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Chemical storage of hydrogen involves release of hydrogen in a controlled manner from materials in which the hydrogen is covalently bound. Sodium borohydride and aminoborane are two materials given consideration as chemical hydrogen storage materials by the US Department of Energy. A very significant barrier to adoption of these materials as hydrogen carriers is their regeneration from "spent fuel," i.e., the material remaining after discharge of hydrogen.;In this thesis, some research directed at regeneration of sodium borohydride and aminoborane is described. For sodium borohydride, electrochemical reduction of boric acid and sodium metaborate (representing spent fuel) in alkaline, aqueous solution has been investigated. Similarly to literature reports (primarily patents), a variety of cathode materials were tried in these experiments. Additionally, approaches directed at overcoming electrostatic repulsion of borate anion from the cathode, not described in the previous literature for electrochemical reduction of spent fuels, have been attempted. A quantitative analytical method for measuring the concentration of sodium borohydride in alkaline aqueous solution has been developed as part of this work and is described herein. Finally, findings from stability tests for sodium borohydride in aqueous solutions of several different compositions are reported.;For aminoborane, other research institutes have developed regeneration schemes involving tributyltin hydride. In this thesis, electrochemical reduction experiments attempting to regenerate tributyltin hydride from tributyltin chloride (a representative by-product of the regeneration scheme) are described. These experiments were performed in the non-aqueous solvents acetonitrile and 1,2-dimethoxyethane. A non-aqueous reference electrode for electrolysis experiments in acetonitrile was developed and is described.
机译：氢的化学储存涉​​及以受控方式从氢共价键合的材料中释放氢。硼氢化钠和氨基硼烷是美国能源部考虑用作化学储氢材料的两种材料。采用这些材料作为氢载体的一个非常重要的障碍是它们从“废燃料”中再生，即排放氢后残留的材料。在本论文中，描述了一些有关硼氢化钠和氨基硼烷再生的研究。对于硼氢化钠，已经研究了在碱性水溶液中电化学还原硼酸和偏硼酸钠（代表乏燃料）的方法。与文献报道（主要是专利）相似，在这些实验中尝试了多种阴极材料。另外，已经尝试了针对克服硼酸根阴离子从阴极的静电排斥的方法，该方法在以前的文献中未作过电化学还原乏燃料的描述。作为这项工作的一部分，已经开发出一种用于测量碱性水溶液中硼氢化钠浓度的定量分析方法，并在本文中进行了描述。最后，报道了几种不同组成的水溶液中硼氢化钠稳定性测试的结果。在本文中，描述了尝试从氯化三丁基锡（再生方案的代表性副产物）再生氢化三丁基锡的电化学还原实验。这些实验是在非水溶剂乙腈和1,2-二甲氧基乙烷中进行的。开发并描述了一种用于乙腈电解实验的非水参比电极。

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