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Measuring the impact of sprawl and housing stock characteristics on greenhouse gas emissions from home energy use.

机译：测量蔓延和房屋存量特性对家庭能源使用产生的温室气体排放的影响。

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This paper investigates the strength of the statistical relationship between various urban form characteristics and the carbon emissions that result from household electricity and fuel use. Using data from the 100 largest metropolitan statistical areas in the United States, taken in 2000 and 2005, OLS regression methods are used to measure the correlations between per capita emissions from household energy use and independent variables describing both housing form and urban sprawl. After controlling for differences in fuel mix, energy price, and income, the research finds significantly higher emissions associated with a greater incidence of detached single-family housing when compared against high-rise buildings containing twenty or more units. Notably, it does not find the same effect for houses in smaller multi-unit buildings. It also finds significantly lower emissions associated with an increased incidence of row housing when compared against detached single-family homes. This analysis also finds a positive correlation between household energy emissions and both a history of greater rates of land conversion. This paper concludes that the literature regarding smart growth and new urbanism should explore potential impacts on household energy consumption in its discussion of urban sprawl in addition to considering impacts on VMT and auto emissions. It is likely that failure to do so results in an under-estimation of the potential emissions-cutting benefits of denser urban design.
机译：本文研究了各种城市形态特征与家庭电力和燃料使用产生的碳排放之间统计关系的强度。使用来自美国100个最大都市统计区的数据（2000年和2005年），OLS回归方法用于衡量家庭能源使用的人均排放量与描述住房形式和城市扩张的自变量之间的相关性。在控制了燃料组合，能源价格和收入的差异之后，该研究发现，与包含二十个或更多单元的高层建筑相比，与独立式单户住宅的发生率较高相关的排放量明显更高。值得注意的是，它对于较小的多单元建筑物中的房屋没有发现相同的效果。与独立式单户住宅相比，它还发现与排屋增加相关的排放显着降低。该分析还发现，家庭能源排放与土地转化率较高的历史两者之间存在正相关关系。本文的结论是，关于智能增长和新型城市主义的文献除了要考虑对VMT和汽车排放的影响外，还应在讨论城市扩张时探讨对家庭能源消耗的潜在影响。如果不这样做，可能会导致低估密集的城市设计所带来的潜在减排收益。

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