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首页> 外文学位 >Deformable adult human phantoms for radiation protection dosimetry: Methods for adjusting body and organ sizes to match population-based percentile data.
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Deformable adult human phantoms for radiation protection dosimetry: Methods for adjusting body and organ sizes to match population-based percentile data.

机译：用于辐射防护剂量测定的可变形成人人体模型：调整身体和器官大小以匹配基于人群的百分位数数据的方法。

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摘要

To determine radiation doses in the human body from exposures to various radiation sources, computational phantoms representing workers and patients are used with sophisticated Monte Carlo simulations. Nearly all existing phantoms, however, were purposely designed to match internal and external anatomical features of the Reference Man approximating the 50 th-percentile of the adult male and female population as defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). To reduce uncertainty in dose calculations caused by anatomical variations, a new generation of deformable phantoms of varying organ and body sizes has been recently proposed by the research community. This dissertation demonstrates methods to develop such deformable phantoms representing a range of adult individuals from the 5th percentile to 95th-percentile in terms of the body height, body weight, and internal organ volume/mass. Used to directly design such deformable phantoms, anatomical data in tables and graphs cover two different sets of information: (1) the whole-body height and weight percentile data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); (2) individual internal organ size and volume/mass percentile data derived from those recommended in the ICRP Publications 23 and 89. As a starting point, a pair of 50th-percentile phantoms of the adult male and female, RPI-Adult Male and RPI-Adult Female, were first developed using entirely polygonal mesh surfaces. Embedded software tools were then developed to extend these two basic phantoms, on demand, to percentile-specific and posture-specific phantoms by altering organ boundaries according to the tabulated anthropometric data. Algorithms were developed to automatically match the organ volumes and masses with desired values. Finally, these mesh-based deformable phantoms were converted into voxel-based phantoms for Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations. The dissertation then demonstrates the usage of these percentile-specific phantoms for organ dose calculations for exposure to 0.5-MeV and 1-MeV external photon beams. Finally, this dissertation discusses future research directions that can further improve radiation dose assessment using this new type of deformable and size-adjustable computational phantoms.
机译：为了确定暴露于各种辐射源后人体中的辐射剂量，将代表工人和患者的计算模型与复杂的蒙特卡洛模拟结合使用。但是，几乎所有现有的体模都是经过专门设计的，以匹配参考人的内部和外部解剖特征，这近似于国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）定义的成年男性和女性人口的50％。为了减少由解剖学变化引起的剂量计算中的不确定性，研究团体最近提出了新一代的可变形的幻影，这些幻影具有变化的器官和体型。本文证明了开发这样的可变形体模的方法，该体模代表了从体重，体重和内脏器官体积/质量来看，从第5个百分点到第95个百分点的成年个体。用于直接设计此类可变形体模的表格和图形中的解剖数据涵盖了两组不同的信息：（1）来自美国国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的全身身高和体重百分比数据； （2）单个内部器官的大小和体积/质量百分位数数据来自ICRP出版物23和89中建议的数据。作为起点，一对成年雄性和雌性，RPI-成年雄性和RPI的第50个百分位数幻像-成年女性，首先使用完全多边形的网格表面进行开发。然后开发了嵌入式软件工具，通过根据列表的人体测量学数据更改器官边界，根据需要将这两个基本体模扩展到特定于百分位数和特定于姿势的体模。开发了算法以使器官体积和质量与所需值自动匹配。最后，将这些基于网格的可变形体模转换为基于体素的体模，以进行蒙特卡洛辐射传输模拟。论文随后证明了这些百分位数特异性模型在暴露于0.5MeV和1-MeV外部光子束的器官剂量计算中的用途。最后，本文讨论了未来的研究方向，这些方向可以使用这种新型的可变形和尺寸可调的计算体模进一步改善辐射剂量评估。

著录项

  • 作者

    Na, Yong Hum.;

  • 作者单位

    Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.;

  • 授予单位 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.;
  • 学科 Engineering Biomedical.;Health Sciences Oncology.;Health Sciences Radiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 220 p.
  • 总页数 220
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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