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Pressure ulcer prevention research.

机译：预防压疮的研究。

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摘要

Pressure ulcers are painful, debilitating, and severely compromise an individual's health by increasing morbidity and mortality in terms of increased length of stay, risk of infection, and the need for additional surgical procedures. They are also considered to be preventable and incidence is used to indicate quality of care. Numerous devices have been developed to prevent their occurrence and protocols that involve regular turning of patients is a standard of care. Despite the many interventions used to prevent pressure ulcers, there is still a high prevalence.;Research comprising this dissertation involved: identifying clinically relevant biomechanical factors likely to increase the risk of pressure ulcer formation in the sacral area, investigating bioimpedance measurements as a feasible method to detect or identify the onset of pressure ulcer formation or skin damage, monitoring the interface pressures of patients at risk for pressure ulcer formation to determine what pressure thresholds are experienced and how they are affected by body position, and to develop a protocol that is safest for patients by helping prevent pressure ulcers formation.;Results from healthy subject studies demonstrated that increasing the head of bed increased the interface pressures and the areas subjected to interface pressures of 32 mm Hg or greater. Additionally, lateral turning was not adequate in unloading areas at risk for pressure ulcer formation and these areas always remained at risk despite repositioning. The bioimpedance methods did not succeed as a reliable method to detect pressure ulcer formation. Patient studies confirmed what was observed in healthy subjects, and patients were shown to be at even greater risk by experiencing higher interface pressures and larger areas at risk for pressure ulcer formation. Tissue areas were also shown to be always at risk for several (5+) consecutive hours despite 2-hour turning protocols.;Solutions to reduce pressure ulcer incidences involve reducing or eliminating high interface pressures, improving patient positioning, and reducing or eliminating areas that are always at risk for pressure ulcer formation. These goals can be achieved through a number of methods: improved turning protocols, better support devices for lateral turning, providing feedback to caregivers, and continuous interface pressure monitoring.
机译：压疮会增加发病率和死亡率，从而增加住院时间，增加感染风险以及需要进行其他外科手术，从而使患者的痛苦，虚弱并严重损害其健康。它们也被认为是可预防的，发生率用来表示护理质量。已经开发了许多设备来防止它们的发生，并且涉及定期转弯患者的方案是护理的标准。尽管采取了许多预防压疮的干预措施，但仍存在很高的患病率。包括本论文在内的研究包括：确定可能增加the骨区域压疮形成风险的临床相关生物力学因素，研究生物阻抗测量方法是一种可行的方法以检测或识别压疮形成或皮肤损伤的发作，监测处于压疮形成危险中的患者的界面压力，以确定经历了哪些压力阈值以及它们如何受到身体姿势的影响，并制定最安全的方案健康受试者的研究结果表明，增加床头会增加界面压力，并且承受32 mm Hg或更高压力的区域也会增加患者的压力。此外，在有可能形成压疮的卸载区域，横向转向不足，尽管重新放置，这些区域始终处于危险之中。生物阻抗方法不能成功地作为检测压力性溃疡形成的可靠方法。病人研究证实了在健康受试者中观察到的情况，并且通过承受更高的界面压力和更大的面积形成压疮的风险，显示病人处于更大的风险中。尽管翻转了2小时，但组织区域也显示出连续几个（5+）小时始终处于危险之中。减少压疮发生率的解决方案包括降低或消除高界面压力，改善患者位置以及减少或消除那些总是有形成压疮的危险。这些目标可以通过多种方法实现：改进的转向协议，更好的侧向转向支撑设备，向护理人员提供反馈以及连续的界面压力监测。

著录项

  • 作者

    Peterson, Matthew James.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of Florida.;
  • 学科 Engineering Biomedical.;Health Sciences Medicine and Surgery.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 133 p.
  • 总页数 133
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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