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Surface modification of poly(vinyl chloride) by physisorbed free radical initiation for reduced plasticizer migration and antimicrobial properties.

机译：通过物理吸附的自由基引发对聚氯乙烯进行表面改性，以减少增塑剂的迁移和抗菌性能。

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摘要

Poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, is a particularly important commodity polymer that accounts for an annual world-wide production of 26 million tons. It is used frequently in the medical field as blood storage bags, endotracheal and dialysis tubing and intravenous catheters. Common plasticizers, namely di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), are added to PVC to improve the processability and flexibility by lowering the glass transition temperature. However, most phthalate plasticizers are potential carcinogens. There has been extensive research on PVC with surface coatings to improve biocompatibility, surface crosslinking to create a barrier to the plasticizer leaching and surface grafting of hydrophilic polymers for both biocompatibility and reduced plasticizer migration.;A novel surface grafting technique is the grafting of hydrophilic monomers by physisorbed free radical initiators. This modification method can be applied to PVC to attach vinyl hydrophilic monomers by the "grafting from" method. This approach, extending on earlier work involving polymer brush formation on poly(dimethylsiloxane), involves a two-step process: physisorption of a hydrophobic free radical initiator onto a polymer surface followed by radical polymerization of hydrophilic monomers in water. The key step is creating a hydrophobic/hydrophilic diffusional barrier that promotes radical reactions at the polymer surface.;Polymers that have been successfully grafted from PVC films and tubing include: poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA), poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP). Characterization methods performed include bulk chemical composition by transmission infrared spectroscopy, surface composition using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface wettability by tensiometry and capillary rise, film thickness determination by infrared, gravimetric analysis and UV-Vis spectroscopy and M n by gel permeation chromatography. The hydrophilic modification was demonstrated to decrease plasticizer migration via UV-Vis spectroscopy.;A particular system of interest is PVC with grafted poly(4-vinylpyridine) that has been quaternized due to its potential in killing bacteria such as escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermis, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. Quaternization has been measured with IR spectroscopy.
机译：聚氯乙烯（PVC）是一种特别重要的商品聚合物，其全球年产量为2600万吨。它在医疗领域中经常用作储血袋，气管和透析管以及静脉内导管。将常见的增塑剂，即邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）添加到PVC中，以通过降低玻璃化转变温度来提高可加工性和柔韧性。但是，大多数邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂是潜在的致癌物。对于具有表面涂层的PVC进行了广泛的研究，以改善生物相容性，表面交联为增塑剂的浸出和亲水性聚合物的表面接枝创造了障碍，以实现生物相容性并减少增塑剂的迁移。通过物理吸附的自由基引发剂。可以通过“接枝”方法将该改性方法应用于PVC以附着乙烯基亲水性单体。这种方法在涉及聚二甲基硅氧烷上的聚合物刷形成的早期工作的基础上扩展，涉及两步过程：将疏水性自由基引发剂物理吸附在聚合物表面上，然后使亲水性单体在水中进行自由基聚合。关键步骤是创建疏水/亲水扩散屏障，促进聚合物表面的自由基反应。从PVC薄膜和管材成功接枝的聚合物包括：聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（PHEMA），聚二甲基丙烯酰胺（PDMA） ，聚丙烯酸羟乙酯（PHEA），聚甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙基酯（PDMAEMA），聚丙烯酸（PAA）和聚（4-乙烯基吡啶）（P4VP）。进行的表征方法包括通过透射红外光谱的本体化学成分，使用X射线光电子能谱的表面成分，通过张力测定法和毛细管上升的表面润湿性，通过红外，重量分析和UV-Vis光谱法确定膜厚度以及通过凝胶渗透色谱法测定M n。通过UV-Vis光谱证明了亲水性改性可以减少增塑剂的迁移。;一个特别感兴趣的系统是具有接枝聚（4-乙烯基吡啶）的PVC，由于具有杀死细菌（如大肠杆菌，金黄色葡萄球菌，表皮葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌。季铵化已通过IR光谱法测量。

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  • 作者

    McGinty, Kathryn.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Akron.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Akron.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Polymer.;Engineering Materials Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 172 p.
  • 总页数 172
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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