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Trends in Antibiotic Resistance and Correlations of Antibiotic Use and Antibiotic Resistance in a Small Hospital in El Paso, Texas 2013-2015

机译:2013-2015年德克萨斯州埃尔帕索一家小型医院的抗生素耐药性趋势以及抗生素使用与抗生素耐药性的关系

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摘要

Antibiotic resistance is a serious public health threat, primarily, resulting from the excess and inappropriate use of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption trends may differ along the U.S-Mexico border from the rest of the U.S. due to geographical and cultural differences unique to the border region. The objectives of this study were: 1.) To examine the trends in antibiotic resistance among E. coli, ESBL producing E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and MRSA over a 3-year period (2013, 2014, 2015) in a U.S.-Mexico border area hospital; 2.) To examine the trends in antibiotic consumption among aztreonam, cefazolin, cefepime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and levofloxacin over a 3-year period (2013, 2014, 2015) in a U.S.-Mexico border area hospital; 3.) To determine if a correlation exists between the consumption of these antibiotics and antibiotic resistance trends seen in a U.S.-Mexico border area hospital. This study employed a retrospective analysis of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic consumption data in a small border area hospital in El Paso, Texas to determine if a correlation existed between the two variables for the time-period of 2013-2015. The results of this study identified statistically significant increases in resistance for E. coli to aztreonam (p-value <0.0001), cefazolin (p-value <0.0001), cefepime (p-value <0.0001), ceftriaxone (p-value <0.0001), and ciprofloxacin (p-value 0.001). A statistically significant increase in resistance for MRSA to gentamicin was also identified (p-value 0.044). Statistically significant decreases in resistance were identified for ESBL producing E. coli to gentamicin (p-value 0.002) and for S. aureus to the following antibiotics: ciprofloxacin (p-value 0.023), levofloxacin (p-value 0.018), and penicillin (p-value 0.021). No correlations were identified between any of the susceptibilities of the bacterial species and the antibiotic consumption data analyzed.
机译:抗生素耐药性是严重的公共卫生威胁,主要是由于过量和不适当使用抗生素造成的。由于边界地区特有的地理和文化差异,美国与墨西哥边境沿线的抗生素耐药性和抗生素消费趋势可能会有所不同。这项研究的目的是:1.)研究三年内大肠杆菌,产生ESBL的大肠杆菌,铜绿假单胞菌,金黄色葡萄球菌和MRSA的抗生素耐药性趋势(2013年,2014年,2015年)在美墨边境地区的一家医院中; 2.)在美国-墨西哥边境地区的医院中,调查3年内(2013年,2014年,2015年)氨曲南,头孢唑林,头孢吡肟,头孢曲松,环丙沙星,庆大霉素和左氧氟沙星抗生素消费的趋势; 3.)确定在美国-墨西哥边境地区医院中这些抗生素的消费与抗生素耐药性趋势之间是否存在相关性。这项研究对德克萨斯州埃尔帕索一家边境小医院的抗生素耐药性和抗生素消耗数据进行了回顾性分析,以确定在2013-2015年期间这两个变量之间是否存在相关性。这项研究的结果确定了大肠杆菌对氨曲南(p值<0.0001),头孢唑啉(p值<0.0001),头孢吡肟(p值<0.0001),头孢曲松(p值<0.0001)的抗药性在统计学上显着增加)和环丙沙星(p值0.001)。还确定了MRSA对庆大霉素的耐药性有统计上的显着增加(p值0.044)。产生ESBL的大肠杆菌对庆大霉素的耐药性在统计学上有显着降低(p值0.002),金黄色葡萄球菌对以下抗生素的耐药性下降:环丙沙星(p值0.023),左氧氟沙星(p值0.018)和青霉素( p值0.021)。在细菌种类的任何敏感性与所分析的抗生素消耗数据之间均未发现相关性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Olivas, Christopher Robert.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at El Paso.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at El Paso.;
  • 学科 Microbiology.
  • 学位 M.P.H.
  • 年度 2018
  • 页码 41 p.
  • 总页数 41
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 语言学;
  • 关键词

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