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首页> 外文学位 >Composite anodes for utilization of hydrogen and methane fuels in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell.
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Composite anodes for utilization of hydrogen and methane fuels in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell.

机译：在中温固体氧化物燃料电池中利用氢和甲烷燃料的复合阳极。

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摘要

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) with the advantages of high fuel efficiency, low greenhouse emission, and multiple fuel choice are a promising technology for large-scale power generation. However, there are several major barriers for SOFC commercialization, e.g. high cell material cost and requirement of pure H2 as the fuel in most SOFCs. This research work focused on intermediate-temperature SOFC (IT-SOFC) directly operating on both hydrogen and methane fuels. The main goal was to make SOFC more competitive by reducing the cost for both anode material and fuel processing.;Firstly, the perovskite phase (La,Sr)(Ga,Mg)O3 (LSGM) was optimized as the electrolyte material. LSGM with various compositions was thoroughly evaluated and several compositions with the best properties were identified. The optimized LSGM was then employed as the electrolyte support for evaluating the different anodes via fuel-cell testing.;Secondly, composite materials of Sm2O3-doped CeO 2 (SDC) with various Ni-Fe alloys were synthesized and evaluated as the high-performance anode with H2 fuel. It was found that the composite anodes with Ni0.8Fe0.2 and Ni 0.75Fe0.25 alloys showed better performance than pure Ni at 800°C. Further work was done by substituting SDC in the composite anode with Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) to provide mechanistic understanding regarding the "Fe" effect in the Ni-Fe alloy.;Thirdly, (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3 (LSCM) impregnated with Cu and Cu-Pd was evaluated as the anode for direct utilization of CH4. Impregnation of Cu into porous LSCM anode was found to significantly improve the cell performance in both dry H2 and CH4. The performance was further enhanced with the impregnation of a small amount of Pd into the anode. The mechanism of methane oxidation on the LSCM, LSCM + Cu, and Pd-dispersed LSCM + Cu anodes was discussed. Y-doped SrTiO3 (SYT) combined with La 2O3-doped CeO2 (LDC) was also chosen as a composite anode for direct utilization of methane. The performance of the composite anodes with and without Ni impregnation in both H2 and methane was investigated.;Fourthly, a new amorphous LaMoO material was identified and investigated as the sulfur-tolerant anode for SOFC. LaMoO was obtained by reducing the ionic conductor La2Mo2O9 in SOFC anodic atmosphere. Single cell with the LaMoO anode exhibited relatively high power density in dry H2. Essentially no decay in cell performance was observed over 100 h in both pure H2 and H2 containing up to 20 ppm H2S, indicating that the amorphous material is a potential sulfur-tolerant anode.
机译：具有高燃料效率，低温室气体排放和多种燃料选择优势的固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）是大规模发电的有前途的技术。但是，SOFC商业化存在几个主要障碍，例如，电池材料成本高，并且大多数SOFC中都需要纯H2作为燃料。这项研究的重点是直接在氢气和甲烷燃料上运行的中温SOFC（IT-SOFC）。主要目标是通过降低阳极材料和燃料处理的成本来提高SOFC的竞争力。首先，钙钛矿相（La，Sr）（Ga，Mg）O3（LSGM）被优化为电解质材料。对具有各种组成的LSGM进行了全面评估，并确定了几种具有最佳性能的组成。然后，将优化的LSGM用作电解质载体，通过燃料电池测试评估不同的阳极。其次，合成了掺有Sm2O3的CeO 2（SDC）与各种Ni-Fe合金的复合材料，并将其评价为高性能氢气作为阳极。发现在800℃下，Ni0.8Fe0.2和Ni 0.75Fe0.25合金的复合阳极表现出比纯Ni更好的性能。通过用Y2O3稳定的ZrO2（YSZ）代替复合阳极中的SDC，可以提供有关Ni-Fe合金中“ Fe”效应的机理的进一步研究。第三，（La，Sr）（Cr，Mn）O3将浸渍有Cu和Cu-Pd的（LSCM）评估为直接利用CH4的阳极。发现将铜浸渍到多孔LSCM阳极中可显着改善在干燥H2和CH4中的电池性能。通过将少量Pd浸渍到阳极中，可以进一步提高性能。讨论了甲烷在LSCM，LSCM + Cu和Pd分散的LSCM + Cu阳极上的氧化机理。掺Y的SrTiO3（SYT）和掺La 2O3的CeO2（LDC）也被选作直接利用甲烷的复合阳极。研究了在氢气和甲烷中均含或不含镍的复合阳极的性能。第四，确定了一种新型的非晶态LaMoO材料，并将其作为SOFC的耐硫阳极。通过在SOFC阳极气氛中还原离子导体La2Mo2O9获得LaMoO。具有LaMoO阳极的单电池在干燥的H2中表现出相对较高的功率密度。在纯H2和含H2S高达20 ppm的H2中，在100小时内基本上没有观察到电池性能的下降，这表明非晶态材料是潜在的耐硫阳极。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lu, Xiaochuan.;

  • 作者单位

    Tennessee Technological University.;

  • 授予单位 Tennessee Technological University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Materials Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 194 p.
  • 总页数 194
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 工程材料学;
  • 关键词

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