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Supporting creativity: Investigating the role of awareness in distributed collaboration.

机译：支持创造力：调查意识在分布式协作中的作用。

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摘要

Creativity is the cornerstone of collaborative scientific work. As distributed collaboration is becoming an increasingly dominant model of creative scientific work that goes on in our daily lives, it is essential to understand how creativity can be supported in such contexts. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the feasibility, effectiveness, and consequences of supporting creativity with computer-supported awareness in distributed collaboration. This research is conducted in five phases. The first phase is a survey of creativity literature to speculate how awareness, and in particular activity awareness, can support creativity in distributed collaboration. The second phase is an exploratory experiment that identifies four breakdowns in creativity in distributed collaboration. The third phase is the design and prototyping of three novel activity awareness strategies and mechanisms to support creativity. The fourth phase is a main experiment that studies the effectiveness and consequences of using the activity awareness mechanisms. The fifth phase validates results from the main experiment through follow-up analysis.;The results show that groups with activity awareness support were more likely to be among the most creative than groups without activity awareness support. 62% of the groups with activity awareness support were ranked in the upper tier of being creative versus 37.5% of the groups without activity awareness support. The most significant results involved structured activity updates, one of the three activity awareness mechanisms, which allowed group members to update and share their work status. The structured activity updates increased awareness of group members with respect to what they had worked on. Further, the structured activity updates increased awareness of group members over time with respect to what they will do next, a relationship that was stronger for the groups with structured activity updates than groups without structured activity updates. Group members with higher metacognitive knowledge found the structured activity updates more useful than group members with lower metacognitive knowledge.;This dissertation contributes to the basic science of creativity, to the design science of supporting creative activity, and to the empirical science of measuring creativity. The application of creativity theories from the social sciences in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) contexts improves our general understanding of creative collaboration. Second, prototypes of awareness mechanisms broaden the science of design by developing new tools for supporting creativity. Third, extension of existing evaluation metrics and frameworks advances our ability to measure creativity using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The broader impact of this dissertation is to enhance the process and product of creative collaboration.
机译：创造力是合作科研工作的基石。随着分布式协作越来越成为我们日常生活中不断发展的创造性科学工作的典范，因此必须了解如何在这种情况下支持创造性。本文的目的是研究在分布式协作中以计算机支持的意识支持创造力的可行性，有效性和后果。这项研究分五个阶段进行。第一阶段是对创造力文献的调查，以推测意识，尤其是活动意识如何在分布式协作中支持创造力。第二阶段是探索性实验，确定分布式协作中创造力的四个细分。第三阶段是设计和制作三种新颖的活动意识策略和机制来支持创造力。第四阶段是一项主要实验，研究使用活动意识机制的有效性和后果。第五阶段通过后续分析验证了主要实验的结果。结果表明，具有活动意识支持的小组比没有活动意识支持的小组更有创造力。有活动意识支持的组中有62％处于创造力的上层，而没有活动意识支持的组中有37.5％。最重要的结果涉及结构化活动更新，这是三种活动意识机制之一，它使小组成员可以更新并共享其工作状态。结构化的活动更新提高了小组成员对其工作的认识。此外，随着时间的推移，结构化活动更新会增强组成员对其下一步活动的意识，这种关系对于具有结构化活动更新的组比没有结构化活动更新的组更强。具有较高元认知知识的小组成员发现，结构化活动更新比具有较低元认知知识的小组成员更有用。社会科学中的创造力理论在人机交互（HCI）和计算机支持的合作工作（CSCW）上下文中的应用提高了我们对创造力协作的一般理解。第二，意识机制的原型通过开发支持创造力的新工具来拓宽设计科学。第三，现有评估指标和框架的扩展提高了我们使用定量和定性方法衡量创造力的能力。本文的广泛影响是增强创意合作的过程和产品。

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  • 作者

    Farooq, Umer.;

  • 作者单位

    The Pennsylvania State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Pennsylvania State University.;
  • 学科 Information Science.;Computer Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 193 p.
  • 总页数 193
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 信息与知识传播;自动化技术、计算机技术;
  • 关键词

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