Objective:To establish the psychophysiological techniques for synchronized observation of central nervous activities and physiological functions via simultaneous recording the electrical signals from two brain nuclei and multiple physiological signs .Methods:Rats were anesthetized with urethane( n =26 ) to observe the brain reward and punishment sys-tems′activities, ventral tegmental area ( VTA ) and basolateral amygdala ( BLA) as their target nuclei were chosen to conduct extracellular record-ings.Electrocardiography, electromyography of breath muscles, skin con-ductance and body temperature were simultaneously monitored by a poly-graph.The responses during spontaneous deep-breathing and tail pinch were preliminarily analyzed.Results:Higher firing rate of BLA was ob-served as compared with VTA(n =26,Paired t-test,P<0.01),and the discharging frequencies of VTA were positively correlated with BLA ( r=0.936,P <0.01).During the spontaneous deep-breathing reaction,am-plitude of VTA electrical activities were decreased(n =9,P <0.05), whereas the amplitude of electromyography and skin conductance were in-creased( P <0.01 ) as compared with the control phase.Tail pinch-in-duced depression was also observed in the discharging rates of the VTA and BLA(n=12,P<0.001 and P<0.05),with a simultaneous change of shortened RR interval of the electrocardiography(P <0.01),yet the firing rate of VTA after tail pinch was higher than that of controls ( P <0.05).Conclusion:The preliminary findings suggest that the brain nuclei activities and physiological changes may be steadily observed by simulta-neous recordings from dual brain nuclei and multiple physiological signs of adult rats.This may serve as an appropriate approach to exploring the mechanisms underlying addiction and other mental illness .%目的：建立同步检测脑内双核团电活动和多项生理指标，以同时观察脑内相关核团活动与生理反应的心理生理学实验技术。方法：在麻醉的成年大鼠（ n＝26）进行脑内奖赏系统关键核团腹侧背盖区（ VTA）和惩罚系统重要核团基底外侧杏仁核（ BLA）电活动的同步记录，同时监测心电、呼吸肌肌电、皮肤电导、体温等多项生理指标，建立成年大鼠脑内双核团细胞外记录与多项生理指标联合记录技术，并对自发深呼吸反应和夹尾刺激反应时同步记录到的6项指标进行初步分析。结果：①麻醉成年大鼠BLA放电频率高于VTA（n＝26，配对t检验，P＜0．01），且VTA与BLA的放电频率呈正相关（r＝0．936，P＜0．01）；②大鼠自发深呼吸反应期VTA电活动幅值减小（n＝9，P＜0．05），呼吸肌肌电幅值和皮肤电导幅值均增大（P＜0．01）；③在夹尾刺激时VTA和BLA的放电频率降低（n＝12，P＜0．001和P＜0．05），心电信号RR间期缩短（P＜0．01），但VTA放电频率在夹尾后比夹尾前显著性升高（P＜0．05）。结论：脑内双核团电活动和多项生理指标同步记录技术可以稳定记录脑内相关核团电活动和生理活动的变化，可能为药物成瘾脑机制等相关综合性研究提供了一种适宜的实验方法。
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