利用南昌市青山湖污水处理有限公司的脱水生污泥与木屑、煤渣按不同体积比混合堆沤而成的6种污泥堆肥分别与珍珠岩按体积比3∶1混合作为矮牵牛的栽培基质,研究污泥堆肥对矮牵牛生长发育的影响,以筛选出栽培矮牵牛的最佳污泥堆肥物料配比.结果表明,在不施肥的情况下,采用污泥堆肥作基质与园土、泥炭作基质相比较,矮牵牛植株的叶片数、一级分枝数、全株鲜质量、全株干质量、冠幅以及花枝数、花朵数等均明显增加,说明污泥堆肥含有丰富的营养元素.并且以处理Ⅰ:3份污泥堆肥1(V(污泥)∶V(木屑)∶V(煤渣)=3∶1∶1)+1份珍珠岩,处理V∶3份污泥堆肥5(V(污泥)∶V(木屑)=3∶2)+1份珍珠岩,矮牵牛的营养生长和开花性状最好,是矮牵牛栽培的最佳污泥堆肥基质配方.%Dewatered sludge from Nanchang Qingshan Lake Sewage Treatment Co. , Ltd, sawdust and cinder were mixed in different volume ratios to make sludge compost, then together with perlite as the substrate for soilless culture of Petunia hybrida and the volume ratio of sludge compost to perlite was 3:1. The effects of the compost on growth and development of Petunia hybrida were studied to screen out the optimum ratio. The results shows that without fertilizers, leaf number, first - order branch number, weight of fresh plant, weight of dried plant, crown width, flower branch number, flower number and so on were all remarkably increasey by using sludge compost mixed with perlite as substrate, compared with using garden soil or peatmoss mixed with perlite. This indicates that sludge compost is rich in nutrients. In treatment Ⅰ : sludge compost 1 ( sludge: sawdust: cinder = 3:1:1) ? Perlite = 3:1 and treatment V :sludge compost 5 (sludge: sawdust = 3:2): perlite = 3:1, the vegetative growth and flowering characteristics were the best. As a consequence, they are the optimum substrate formula for soilless culture of Petunia hybrida.
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