本文研究了能量受限条件下无线传感器网络(wireless sensor networks,WSNs)的最优数据收集策略问题.首先,传感器节点周期性采集数据并通过卡尔曼滤波器(Kalman filter,KF)对信息进行预处理以滤除噪声.其次,考虑到通信为主要耗能环节,设计最优数据发送策略令节点在特定轮内发送数据,使得满足网络生存周期前提下,基站获得的数据精度最高.具体来说,针对单跳网络,给出可使基站误差方差最小化的数据发送策略;在此基础上,进一步提出面向多跳网络的改进数据发送策略.最后,利用仿真和原型实验验证所提策略的有效性.%This paper investigates the problem of optimal data collection strategies for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with limited resources.First,a sensor node periodically collects data and utilizes the Kalman filter (KF) to filter noise.Then,considering that communication is a primary source of energy consumption,we develop data transmission strategies to decide at which times the sensors should transmit their data.The proposed strategies can maximize the accuracy of data gathered by the base station for a required network lifetime.To be more specific,for single-hop networks,the optimal data transmission strategy is obtained which can minimize the estimation error.Based on this single-hop optimal strategy,the modified data transmission strategy is proposed for multi-hop networks.Simulation and prototype experiment results show the effectiveness of the presented strategies.
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