[目的]以内蒙古辉腾锡勒草原九十九泉湿地为对象,研究湖泊干涸过程中氨氧化微生物的群落结构及其变化.[方法]通过MPN-PCR定量测定氨氧化古菌(AOA)和氨氧化细菌(AOB)的数量；构建amoA基因克隆文库,进行系统发育分析；结合土壤环境因子,探讨湿地退化过程中影响氨氧化微生物的潜在因素.[结果]依湖泊湿地退水梯度的不同样点中,有75％的样点AOB的数量高于AOA,AOB与AOA的数量比率为0.3 -18.1.从湖心到湖岸草原带,AOA和AOB的数量有明显增加,但生物多样性呈降低趋势,二者没有呈现正相关.研究发现,AOB的数量与土壤中NH4+-N的变化存在良好响应.系统发育分析显示,退化湖泊湿地AOA克隆序列均来自于泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)；AOB的amoA基因的克隆序列大部分与亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)有一定同源性,较少部分与亚硝化螺菌属(Nitrosospira)有一定同源性.[结论]湖泊退水过程增加了湿地土壤氨氧化微生物的数量,而氨氧化微生物的种群丰度有所降低.AOA和AOB群落对湖泊湿地的退化过程做出了响应,其中AOB的响应较为明显,氧化条件和土壤铵浓度的改变可能是促成这种响应的重要原因.%[Objective] To investigate the structure of ammonia-oxidation microbial communities in the wetlands to dry-up process at 99 degraded lakes of the Huitengxile grassland in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. [ Methods] The microbial quantity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea ( AOA ) and ammonia oxidizing bacteria ( AOB ) were examined by most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR). The clone libraries of amoA were constructed and phylogenetics were analyzed. With analysis of the soil properties, we evaluated the effects of wetlands degradation on ammonia-oxidation microbes communities. [Results] In 75% of the samples, the quantity of AOB communities was higher than that of AOA; moreover, quantity of bacterial were up to 18. 1-fold more abundant than Archaea's. The AOB microbial quantity was strongly correlated with NH4 + -N content in the soil. Phylogenetic analyses of the amoA gene fragments showed that most AOB sequences from degraded wetlands were affiliated with Nitrosomonas-like species and a few close to Nitrosospira. All AOA sequences belonged to the kingdom Crenarchaeote. [Conclusion] Experimental results showed that quantity of ammonia-oxidation microbes increased but community diversity declined during wetlands degradation , and oxidation conditions and ammonium concentration in the soil might play important roles in the community structure of both the AOA and AOB.
展开▼
