To compare perioperative complications and curative effect analysis of 3-field lymphadenectomy in tho-racic esophageal carcinomas and thoracoscopes esophageal carcinomas, retrospective analysis of 826 cases of esoph-ageal cancer patients. 52 cases were executed with thoracic surgery and 21 patients were executed with full thoras-copic surgery. The thoracic surgery group in the operation time, hospitalization time, postoperative drainage, post-operative analgesic drug application time, thoracic drainage gallery extraction time were significantly longer than the thoracoscopic sugery group. The number of resected lymph nodes in the thoracoscopic surgery group were signifi-cantly more than in the thoracic surgery group. Cardiovascular complications, pulmonary complications and anasto-motic fistula in the thoracoscopic surgery group were significantly more than in the thoracic surgery group. Thoras-copic esophagectomy with 3-field lymphadenectomy was just a change in the way and worth promoting.%回顾性分析食管癌患者826例，其中行颈、胸、腹三切口食管癌三野淋巴结清扫术52例(开放组)，全腔镜下三野淋巴结清扫术21例(腔镜组)，比较全腔镜与开放手术在食管癌三野淋巴结清扫术中围术期并发症发生情况与疗效分析。开放组在手术时间、住院时间、术后引流、术后止痛药物应用时间、胸腔引流管拔除时间上明显长于腔镜组，而在淋巴结清扫个数、左右喉返神经旁淋巴结清扫个数，明显少于腔镜组，心肺并发症、吻合口瘘明显多于腹腔组。全腔镜下食管癌三野淋巴结清扫术只是手术方式的改变，在技术上安全可行，值得推广。
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