MicroRNA(micro-ribonucleic acid,miRNA)is a group of highly conserved endogenous non encoding RNA(ribonucleic acid) ,which influence the protein translation by regulating gene expression by silencing or degradating of messenger ribonucleic acid,there are about 1/3 human genes regulated by miRNAs.In the field of cardiovascular diseases,miRNAs are involved in the adjustment process of myocardial fibrosis,myocardial hypertrophy,myocardial apoptosis,which are the regulation of pathological change of heart failure.It is signifi-cant to make clear the role of miRNAs play in cardiovascular disease and it is important for the following application research.%微小RNA（ microRNA，miRNA）是一组高度保守的内源性非编码小RNA，其通过沉默或降解信使核糖核酸而调节基因表达和蛋白翻译，约1／3的人类基因受到miRNA的调节。在心血管领域，它参与心脏如心肌纤维化、心肌肥厚、心肌凋亡、心力衰竭等病理改变的调节过程。明确miRNA在心血管疾病中的作用对其应用研究的开展有着重要意义。
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