6061铝合金铣削加工过程中,刀具受到剧烈的力和热的综合作用,导致铣削过程中刀具严重磨损,使得加工效率低、加工质量差.使用超景深和能谱分析仪观察和分析刀具磨损,使用白光干涉仪观测表面粗糙度,研究刀具磨损与工件表面粗糙度的关系.结果表明:使用硬质合金刀具铣削6061铝合金时,在铣削前期铣刀很容易产生微崩刃;试验中扩散磨损是影响刀具磨损的主要原因;在刀具缓慢的磨损初期,工件表面粗糙度增加较为明显,磨损量均匀增加的稳定磨损阶段工件表面粗糙度增加较为缓慢.%During the milling process of 6061 aluminum alloy, the tool is seriously worn and the machining efficiency is low, manufacturing quality is poor due to the severe thermal mechanical coupling of the cutting tools. The wear morphol-ogy of the tool was observed and analyzed by the VH-Z20W observing system and energy spectrum analysis (EDS). Dur-ing the cutting process, the machined topography of the workpiece was observed, and the change of the workpiece shape with the tool wear is analyzed. The results show that when milling 6061 aluminum alloy with uncoated carbide tools, tiny chipping of the cutting tool is easy to occur at the beginning of milling. During the milling process, the diffusion has greater impact on the tool wear. In the early wear of the tool, the surface roughness of the workpiece is increased obviously, and the surface roughness of the workpiece is increased slowly when the wear amount increases uniformly.
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