有机无机肥配施对培肥地力,提高土壤有机质含量有重要作用.研究有机无机肥配施对沙地衬膜稻田沙土理化性质的影响,旨在为科尔沁沙地衬膜水稻合理施肥提供科学依据.本试验样品采自未开垦沙地(衬膜前沙土)和采用有机无机肥配施1年(A1)、5年(A2)、10年(A3)衬膜稻田的沙土,研究沙地衬膜稻田沙土的物理性质(容重、孔隙度及机械组成)和沙土的化学性质(全量、速效养分及阳离子交换量等)的变化.结果表明:与CK相比,A1、A2和A3处理沙土容重下降了0.63％ ～3.80％,孔隙度上升了2.15％ ～7.89％;沙粒(2～0.02 mm)含量下降了1.33％ ～7.72％,粉粒(0.02～0.002 mm)和粘粒(<0.002 mm)含量分别上升了4.44％ ～21.53％ 和0.28～1.76倍,其中沙土孔隙度、粉粒和粘粒含量各处理间差异达到了极显著水平(P<0.01),沙粒各处理间差异达显著水平(P<0.05).A1、A2和A3处理沙土全氮、全磷和全钾的含量分别比CK处理增加了85.42％ 、12.00％ 和27.91％,除CK处理外,各处理间这三项指标之间的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01).衬膜稻田沙土有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾和沙土阳离子交换量分别比CK处理增加了0.12～4.06 g·kg-1,0.74～3.21 mg·kg-1、0.25～9.21 mg·kg-1、0.11～1.10 mg·kg-1、2.49～16.30 mg·kg-1和0.22～6.31 cmol(+)·kg-1,其中有机质和速效磷各处理之间的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01).有机无机肥配施使衬膜稻田沙土有机质、速效养分和全量养分的含量显著增加,CEC含量提高,沙土容重下降,孔隙度上升,土壤颗粒细化(粘化),有机无机肥配施是改良沙土理化性状,提高科尔沁沙地衬膜稻田沙土肥力的有效途径.%It is important to improve soil fertility and organic matter by applying organic and chemical fertilizer .The study will provide a scientific basis for reasonable application of fertilizers of rice in sandy soil with plastic film bellow in Horqin .The samples were collected from original sandy soil (before putting plastic film ) and from sandy soil in paddy field with plastic film bellow of 1-year (A1 ) ,5-year (A2 ) and 10-year (A3 ) applying organic and inorganic fertilizer , the changes of physical properties (bulk density , porosity and mechanical composition ) and chemical properties (total and available nutrient ,and CEC ,etc .) were studied from those samples .The results indicated that compared with CK , the bulk density of sandy soil decreased by 0 .63％ ～3 .80％ ,and the porosity increased by 2 .15％ ～7 .89％ .Small grain (2～0 .02 mm )content decreased by 1 .33％ ～7 .72％ , powder particle (0 .02～0 .002 mm ) and clay particle (<0 .002 mm) content increased respectively by 4 .44％ ～21 .53％ and 0 .28～1 .76 times under A1 ,A2 and A3 treatment compared with CK level .The difference of the porosity ,powder particles and clay particles content between treatments reached extreme significant level ( P<0 .01 ) ,and the difference of small grain content was significant ( P<0 .05 ) .The total nitrogen ,phosphorus and potassium content in A 1 ,A2 and A3 level increased by 85 .42％ ,12 .00％and 27 .91％ than that in CK treatment ,the difference of those between A1 ,A2 and A3 treatments reached extreme sig-nificant level ( P<0 .01) .Compared with CK treatment ,sandy soil organic matter ,ammonium nitrogen ,nitrate nitro-gen ,available phosphorus ,available potassium ,and cation exchange capacity (CEC ) in A1 ,A2 and A3 treatment were improved respectively by 0 .12～4 .06 g·kg-1 ,0 .74～3 .21 mg·kg-1 ,0 .25～9 .21 mg·kg-1 ,0 .11～1 .10 mg·kg -1 , 2 .49～16 .30 mg·kg-1 and 0 .22～6 .31 cmol(+ )·kg-1 ,the difference of organic matter and available phosphorus be-tween treatments reached extreme significant level ( P<0 .01 ) .Through applying organic and inorganic fertilizer ,the or-ganic matter、available and total nutrient in sandy soil were all improved clearly ,and CEC raised ;at the same time ,the bulk density decreased ,porosity raised up ,and small soil particles appeared more (clayization ) than before .The physi-cal and chemical properties ,and soil fertility of the sandy soil in a paddy field with plastic film bellow in Horqin were all improved through applying organic and inorganic fertilizer .
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