生态环境是人类生存与发展的前提基础, 但近年来随着自然环境的不断改变与人为活动的开发破坏, 地球生态环境面临着愈发脆弱的危险.生态系统脆弱性特点鲜明, 受自然和人文因素双重耦合影响.本文采用VSD模型, 以延边朝鲜族自治州为例, 从暴露度、敏感性和适应能力3个方面分解研究脆弱性, 构建3个层级、14个指标的评价体系来综合评价生态脆弱性.结果表明:延边地区生态脆弱性可分为5级, 分别为非脆弱区 (18.61％) 、一般脆弱区 (25.18％) 、较脆弱区 (25.55％) 、很脆弱区 (21.43％) 和极脆弱区 (9.23％) , 生态脆弱性格局呈现出"西南高、东北低"的显著特点.结合脆弱性分区结果和诱因, 对不同类型区进行深度分析, 以期为延边地区生态脆弱性保护提供理论技术支持与决策参考.%The ecological environment is the premise basis for human survival and development.However, with the continuous changes in natural conditions and the deterioration of human activities in recent years, the ecological environment of the earth is facing an increasingly fragile danger.The vulnerability of ecosystems is clearly influenced by the dual coupling of natural and human factors.Taking the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture as an example, this paper uses the VSD model to decompose the vulnerability from three aspects of exposure, sensitivity and adaptability, and builds three levels and 14 indicators to comprehensively evaluate the ecological vulnerability.Assessment and zoning results based on VSD model indicates the spatial differentiation of zones with different vulnerability, and zones with the lowest, lower, middle, higher and highest vulnerability occupied 18.63％, 25.19％, 25.53％, 21.44％ and 9.21％, respectively.The southwest parts were more vulnerable than the northeast parts.Combining the results and incentives of vulnerability zoning and doing in-depth analysis of different types of areas, it is hoped to provide theoretical technology and decision-making reference for ecological fragility protection in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.
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